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CCP Intro to Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life Flashcards

1
Q

matter

A

anything occupying space & having mass

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2
Q

atoms

A

basic units of matter

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3
Q

element

A

pure substances

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4
Q

molecules

A

particles of matter with one or more atoms

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5
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons

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6
Q

atomic mass

A

number of protons and neutrons

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7
Q

compound

A

substances with more than one element

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8
Q

isotope

A

two atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses

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9
Q

radioactive isotope

A

emits radiation

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10
Q

ionic bonds

A

give electrons

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11
Q

covalent bonds

A

share electrons

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12
Q

ions

A

form when atoms gain or lose electrons to become stable

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13
Q

cation

A

loses electrons

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14
Q

anion

A

gains electrons

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15
Q

electrolyte

A

minerals in the blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge (form ions when dissolved in water)

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16
Q

covalent bonds

A

form when atoms share outer energy to fill up and become stable

17
Q

hydrogen bonds

A

weak forces hold molecules in folded shapes or in groups

18
Q

inorganic molecules (list)

A

water, gases, & some acids, bases, or salts

19
Q

organic molecules (list)

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, & nucleic acids

20
Q

acid

A

shifts H+/OH balance in favor of H+; opposite of base

21
Q

base

A

shifts the H+/OH balance against H+; also known as an alkaline (opposite of acid)

22
Q

pH

A

relative H+ concentration in an aqueous solution

23
Q

neutralization

A

acids and bases mix to form salts

24
Q

buffers

A

absorb excess acids or bases & maintain a stable pH

25
Q

carbohydrates

A

complex carbs and sugars

26
Q

lipids

A

fats & oils

27
Q

proteins

A

large molecules made up of amino acids & held together in chains called peptide bonds

28
Q

nucleic acids

A

made up of nucleotide units (sugar, phosphate & nitrogen base)

CCP Intro to Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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