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ANAPHY > Chapter 2 Chemical Basis Of Life HAPLEC > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Chemical Basis Of Life HAPLEC Flashcards

0
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter

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1
Q

Scientific discipline concerned with the stomic composition and structure of substances and reactions they undergo

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Amount of matter in an object

A

Mass

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3
Q

Gravitational force

A

Weight

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4
Q

Int’l unit for mass

A

Kilogram

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5
Q

Simplest type of matter

A

Element

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6
Q

ELEMENTS IN THE BODY

A

96% lf te body’s weight results from the elements CHON

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7
Q

Na (sodium) comes from the latin word _____

A

Natrium

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8
Q

Three subatomic particles

A

Neutrons protons electrons

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9
Q

No electrical charge

A

Neutrons

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10
Q

Positive charge

A

Protons///cations

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11
Q

Negative charge

A

Electron ///anion

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12
Q

Number of protons in each atom

A

Atomic number

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13
Q

Number of prton plus the number of neutrons in each atom

A

Mss number

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14
Q

Where can you find proton and electron?

A

Inside the nucleus/// outside the nucleus

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15
Q

Two or more forms of the same element have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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16
Q

Occurs when the outermost electrons are transferred or shared bet atoms

A

Chemical bonding

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17
Q

2 manor types of chem bond

A

Ionic and covalent

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18
Q

A charged particle

A

Ion

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19
Q

Transfers electrons

A

Ionic bond

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20
Q

Sharing of electrons

A

Covalent bond

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21
Q

Combination of atoms called ____

A

Molecules

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22
Q

Sharing one pair of electrons

A

Single covalent bond

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23
Q

Sharing of two atoms

A

Double covalent

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24
Q

Unequal, assymetrical sharing of electrons

A

Polar covalent bond

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25
Q

Assymetrical electrical charge

A

Polar molecules

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26
Q

Equal sharing of electrons bet atoms

A

Non polar covalent bond

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27
Q

Symmetrical charge

A

Non polar molecule

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28
Q

Weak attraction bet the oppositely charged regions of polar molecules.

A

Hydrogen bond

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29
Q

Two or more diff types of syoms chemically combines

A

Compound

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30
Q

Separation of ions in an ionic compound by polar water molecules

A

Dissociation

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31
Q

Dissociate ion

A

Electrolytes

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32
Q

Substances that enter into chemical reaction

A

Reactant

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33
Q

Result from the chemical reaction

A

Product

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34
Q

Ehen two kr more reactants combime to for, a larsger more complex product

A

Synthesis reaction

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35
Q

Reacteants are broekn dowm into smaller leds complex products

A

Decompostion synthesis

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36
Q

Reactions that occurs in the body

A

Catabolism

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37
Q

All of the anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body are collectively defined as ____

A

Metabolism

38
Q

Combination of a decomposition reavtion and a synthesis reaction

A

Exhancge reaction

39
Q

Chemical reaction that can lreceed frp, reactants to lroducts and from products to reactants

A

Reversible reaction

40
Q

At _______ , the amt of the resctants relative to the smount of products remians constant

A

Equlibrium

41
Q

Capacity to do work

A

Energy

42
Q

To move matter

A

Work

43
Q

Stored energy

A

Potential energy

44
Q

Energy that actually does work

A

Kinetic energy

45
Q

Form of potential emergy stored in chemical bonds

A

Chemical energy

46
Q

Energy redultingfrom the postion or movement of objects

A

Mechanical energy

47
Q

RATE PF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

A

Reactants concentration temperature catalysts

48
Q

Ability to undergo chemical reavtions

A

Reactant

49
Q

It increases the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Catalyst

50
Q

Protein molecule that acts as a catalyst ; protein catalyst

A

Enzyme

51
Q

Proton donor

A

Acid

52
Q

Proton acceptor

A

Base

53
Q

Indicates the H+ concentration of a solution

A

Ph scale

54
Q

Has an equal number of H and OH; has a ph of 7

A

Neutral

55
Q

Has a ph of less than 7; greater conc of H AND OH

A

Acidic

56
Q

Has fewer H than OH Z; has Ph greater than 7

A

Basic

57
Q

Normal ph range of human blood

A

7.35-7.45

58
Q

Blood ph drops below 7

A

Acidosis

59
Q

Ph of the blood rises above 7.45

A

Alkalosis

60
Q

Compound consisting of a postive ion other than zH And a neg ion; can be formed by the reaction of an acid and base

A

Salt

61
Q

Chemicsl resist chsnges in pH

A

Buffer

62
Q

Deals with non carbon containing substances

A

Inorganic chem

63
Q

Study lf carbon containing substances

A

Organic chem

64
Q

Energy storage molecule

A

Glycogen(polysaccharide)

65
Q

Building blocks of carbohydrate

A

MONOSACCHARIDES//CHO

66
Q

Building blocks of lipids

A

Glycerol and fatty acids

67
Q

Building blocks of protein

A

Amino acids

68
Q

Responsible for muscle contraction

A

Myosin and actin

69
Q

Transports oxygen in the blood

A

Hemoglobin

70
Q

Building blocks of nucleic acid

A

Nucleotides

71
Q

Smallest carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharide

72
Q

Formed when two monosaccharides are joined by a cov bond

A

Disaccharides

73
Q

Consists of ma u monosaccharide

A

Polysaccharides

74
Q

Substances than can dissolve in nonpolar solvents

A

Lipids

75
Q

Energy storage molecules

A

Fats

76
Q

Three fatty acids bound to a glycerol molecule

A

Triglycerides

77
Q

Contains only single cov bond

A

Saturated

78
Q

Contains one or more double cov bond

A

Unsaturated

79
Q

Have one double cov bond bet catbin atoms

A

Monosaturated fats

80
Q

Have tel lr more double covalent bonds

A

Polysaturated fats

81
Q

Unsaturated fats

A

Trans fats

82
Q

Waterloving///water fesring

A

Hydrophilic//hyrdrophobic

83
Q

Bound together into four ringlike structures

A

Steroids

84
Q

Change in shape

A

Denaturation

85
Q

Energy necessary to start a chemical reavtion

A

Activation energy

86
Q

contains the info that determines the structure of preoteins

A

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)

87
Q

Plays an important roles in gene expression or protein syntheis

A

RNA

88
Q

Building nlocks lf DNA AND RNA

A

Nucleotides

89
Q

Energy currency of cells beause it is capable of both storing and providing energy

A

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

90
Q

Providesthe body with energy

A

Carbohydrates

91
Q

Involved speith the extraction of energy from food molecules

A

Oxygen

92
Q

Building blocks of triglycerides

A

Glycerol and fatty acids

ANAPHY (3 decks)

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