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ANAPHY > Chapter 2 Chemical Basis Of Life HAPLEC > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Chemical Basis Of Life HAPLEC Flashcards

0
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter

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1
Q

Scientific discipline concerned with the stomic composition and structure of substances and reactions they undergo

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Amount of matter in an object

A

Mass

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3
Q

Gravitational force

A

Weight

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4
Q

Int’l unit for mass

A

Kilogram

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5
Q

Simplest type of matter

A

Element

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6
Q

ELEMENTS IN THE BODY

A

96% lf te body’s weight results from the elements CHON

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7
Q

Na (sodium) comes from the latin word _____

A

Natrium

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8
Q

Three subatomic particles

A

Neutrons protons electrons

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9
Q

No electrical charge

A

Neutrons

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10
Q

Positive charge

A

Protons///cations

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11
Q

Negative charge

A

Electron ///anion

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12
Q

Number of protons in each atom

A

Atomic number

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13
Q

Number of prton plus the number of neutrons in each atom

A

Mss number

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14
Q

Where can you find proton and electron?

A

Inside the nucleus/// outside the nucleus

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15
Q

Two or more forms of the same element have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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16
Q

Occurs when the outermost electrons are transferred or shared bet atoms

A

Chemical bonding

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17
Q

2 manor types of chem bond

A

Ionic and covalent

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18
Q

A charged particle

A

Ion

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19
Q

Transfers electrons

A

Ionic bond

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20
Q

Sharing of electrons

A

Covalent bond

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21
Q

Combination of atoms called ____

A

Molecules

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22
Q

Sharing one pair of electrons

A

Single covalent bond

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23
Q

Sharing of two atoms

A

Double covalent

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24
Unequal, assymetrical sharing of electrons
Polar covalent bond
25
Assymetrical electrical charge
Polar molecules
26
Equal sharing of electrons bet atoms
Non polar covalent bond
27
Symmetrical charge
Non polar molecule
28
Weak attraction bet the oppositely charged regions of polar molecules.
Hydrogen bond
29
Two or more diff types of syoms chemically combines
Compound
30
Separation of ions in an ionic compound by polar water molecules
Dissociation
31
Dissociate ion
Electrolytes
32
Substances that enter into chemical reaction
Reactant
33
Result from the chemical reaction
Product
34
Ehen two kr more reactants combime to for, a larsger more complex product
Synthesis reaction
35
Reacteants are broekn dowm into smaller leds complex products
Decompostion synthesis
36
Reactions that occurs in the body
Catabolism
37
All of the anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body are collectively defined as ____
Metabolism
38
Combination of a decomposition reavtion and a synthesis reaction
Exhancge reaction
39
Chemical reaction that can lreceed frp, reactants to lroducts and from products to reactants
Reversible reaction
40
At _______ , the amt of the resctants relative to the smount of products remians constant
Equlibrium
41
Capacity to do work
Energy
42
To move matter
Work
43
Stored energy
Potential energy
44
Energy that actually does work
Kinetic energy
45
Form of potential emergy stored in chemical bonds
Chemical energy
46
Energy redultingfrom the postion or movement of objects
Mechanical energy
47
RATE PF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Reactants concentration temperature catalysts
48
Ability to undergo chemical reavtions
Reactant
49
It increases the rate of a chemical reaction
Catalyst
50
Protein molecule that acts as a catalyst ; protein catalyst
Enzyme
51
Proton donor
Acid
52
Proton acceptor
Base
53
Indicates the H+ concentration of a solution
Ph scale
54
Has an equal number of H and OH; has a ph of 7
Neutral
55
Has a ph of less than 7; greater conc of H AND OH
Acidic
56
Has fewer H than OH Z; has Ph greater than 7
Basic
57
Normal ph range of human blood
7.35-7.45
58
Blood ph drops below 7
Acidosis
59
Ph of the blood rises above 7.45
Alkalosis
60
Compound consisting of a postive ion other than zH And a neg ion; can be formed by the reaction of an acid and base
Salt
61
Chemicsl resist chsnges in pH
Buffer
62
Deals with non carbon containing substances
Inorganic chem
63
Study lf carbon containing substances
Organic chem
64
Energy storage molecule
Glycogen(polysaccharide)
65
Building blocks of carbohydrate
MONOSACCHARIDES//CHO
66
Building blocks of lipids
Glycerol and fatty acids
67
Building blocks of protein
Amino acids
68
Responsible for muscle contraction
Myosin and actin
69
Transports oxygen in the blood
Hemoglobin
70
Building blocks of nucleic acid
Nucleotides
71
Smallest carbohydrates
Monosaccharide
72
Formed when two monosaccharides are joined by a cov bond
Disaccharides
73
Consists of ma u monosaccharide
Polysaccharides
74
Substances than can dissolve in nonpolar solvents
Lipids
75
Energy storage molecules
Fats
76
Three fatty acids bound to a glycerol molecule
Triglycerides
77
Contains only single cov bond
Saturated
78
Contains one or more double cov bond
Unsaturated
79
Have one double cov bond bet catbin atoms
Monosaturated fats
80
Have tel lr more double covalent bonds
Polysaturated fats
81
Unsaturated fats
Trans fats
82
Waterloving///water fesring
Hydrophilic//hyrdrophobic
83
Bound together into four ringlike structures
Steroids
84
Change in shape
Denaturation
85
Energy necessary to start a chemical reavtion
Activation energy
86
contains the info that determines the structure of preoteins
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)
87
Plays an important roles in gene expression or protein syntheis
RNA
88
Building nlocks lf DNA AND RNA
Nucleotides
89
Energy currency of cells beause it is capable of both storing and providing energy
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
90
Providesthe body with energy
Carbohydrates
91
Involved speith the extraction of energy from food molecules
Oxygen
92
Building blocks of triglycerides
Glycerol and fatty acids

ANAPHY (3 decks)

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