Chapter 2 - cells Flashcards
List the general functions of cells in the human body
cells protect the outer surface of the body (covering), regulate nutrient movement (lining), store nutrients (storage), provide movement, form ligaments (connection), produce antibodies (defence), forms nervous cells that provide communications and is involved in reproduction.
Identify the characteristics of the plasma membrane
Limits the outside of the cell and interacts with the environment through secretion and absorption. Can form specialised junctions with other cells.
Describe the contents of a prototypical cell
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what is the smooth ER’s structure and function
no ribosomes attach to membrane and is continuous with the RER. it synthesises, stores and transports lipids (such as steroid hormones), metabolises carbohydrates and detoxifies drugs, alcohol and poisons.
what is the rough ER’s structure and function
ribosomes attached to outside of membrane. synthesises, transports and stores proteins for secretion of cell, incorporation into the cytoplasm or the creation of lysosomes.
what is the Golgi apparatus’s structure and function
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what is the chromosome’s structure and function
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what is the ribosomes structure and functions
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what is the lysosomes structure and function
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what is a centrosomes structure and function
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identify the characteristics of the cytoplasm
Surrounds the nucleus and a carries out the main functions using specific organelles
identify the characteristics of the nucleus
Contains genetic information (DNA).
Controls the shape and activity through protein synthesis. Exports genetic information as RNA via the nucleolus
what is the structure and function of the cytoplasm
thin outer border that serves as a selective physical and chemical barrier of the cell. it has a phospholipid bilayer.
what is the structure and function of the nucleus
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what is the structure and function of the cytosol
A viscous, syrup-like fluid containing many different dissolved substances.
