chapter 2 bio Flashcards
The five-kingdom classification was proposed by
R.H.Whittaker.
R.H.Whittaker classified them on?
cell structure, thallus organization, reproduction, mode of nutrition,
name the 5 kingdoms
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Animalia.
Why are cyanobacteria used in agricultural fields for crop improvement?
have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen
Give an example of insectivorous plants.
Venus flytrap
pitcher plants,
butterworts
sundews
What similarities do a virus and non-living objects share?
A virus is considered living inside the host but non-living when outside the host. This is because:
1- Inert nature.
2- Inability to reproduce.
3- No cellular organization.
4- It cannot grow and divide
Why do polluted water bodies have an abundance of Nostoc and Oscillatoria?
The nutrients present in the polluted water bodies enhance the growth of algal plants such as Nostoc and Oscillatoria.
Name the eukaryotic kingdoms in the five-kingdom classification proposed by Whittaker.
Protista
Fungi
Animalia
Plantae
What is the nature of the cell wall in diatoms?
The cell wall of diatoms forms two thin overlapping cells. It is made up of silica.
ho proposed the five-kingdom classification
Robert Whittaker
What is the difference between a virus and a viroid?
A virus contains DNA or RNA as the genetic material and a protein coat whereas the viroids do not have a protein coat but RNA as genetic materia
State the uses of heterotrophic bacteria which are economically important.
They maintain the fertility of the soil by nitrogen fixation, ammonification and nitrification. Eg., Rhizobium
The milk products such as cheese, curd are obtained by bacteria
State the uses of archaebacteria which are economically important
Biogas is produced by methanogens from animal dung
The chemosynthetic bacteria are autotrophic or heterotrophic?
Autotrophs
Give an example of parasitic plants.
The Corpse Flower, birds’ nest orchid and dodder
What is diatomaceous earth?
The accumulation of large deposits of diatoms that forms a covering of silica extending over several 100m for billions of years.
Why are diatoms referred to as ‘pearls of the ocean’?
Diatoms are the main producers in the ocean. They prepare food for themselves as well as other life forms in the ocean. Their body is made up of siliceous shell known as a frustule.
Explain the myth of ‘fairy rings’ created by the mushrooms after heavy rains in the forest
The mycelium of the mushroom absorbs nutrients from the soil. The nutrients in the centre get exhausted and grow in diameter thereby forming a circle. These rings are the fruiting bodies of the fungus and are known as ‘fairy ring
Why is Neurospora an important genetic tool?
Neurospora can be grown easily under laboratory conditions by providing organic salts, carbohydrates and vitamin. Under X-ray treatments, mutations can be introduced easily in the Neurospora cells and meiotic division is easily visible.
What is the role of fungi our daily lives?
1- They provide resistance against pests.
2- Some fungi possess the soil binding capacity and make the soil good for cultivation
3- highly rich in nutrients and are used as food.
4- Fungi are used in alcohol and yeast preparation
What features of Trypanosoma make it fall under the kingdom Protista?
1-They are unicellular.
2-The nucleus is centrally located and the nucleus contains an endosome.
3- Reserve food material is granulated.
4- They reproduce asexually by binary fissio