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animal kingdom Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

.1. In which phylum do the adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry?

A

Echinodermata

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2
Q

How are pneumatic bones and air sacs important in aves?

A

Pneumatic bones are hollow filled with air which helps them in flying. Air sacs are the air reservoirs. They also regulate body temperature and act as cooling devices

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3
Q

Amphibia Air Bladder
Mammals Cartilaginous Notochord
Chondrichthyes Mammary Glands
Osteichthyes Pneumatic bones
Cyclostomata Dual Habitat
Aves Sucking and circular mouth without jaws

A

Amphibia- Dual Habitat
Mammals- Mammary Glands Chondrichthyes- Cartilaginous notochord Osteichthyes- Air bladder
Cyclostomata- Sucking and circular mouth without jaws
Aves- Pneumatic bones

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4
Q

what are diploblastic animals

A

Diploblastic animals are those in which cells are arranged in two embryonic layers, internal endoderm, external ectoderm. For eg., coelenterates.

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5
Q

what are triploblastic animals

A

triploblastic animals are those that have a mesoderm along with the ectoderm and endoderm. For eg., chordates

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6
Q

Provide a technical term for the following:

1-Blood filled cavity in arthropods
2 A stinging organ of jellyfish
3 Free-floating form of Cnidaria
4 Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids

A

1 Haemocoel
2 Nematocytes
3 Medusa
4 Parapodia

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7
Q

Give an example of:

An oviparous mammal
Roundworm
A limbless reptile
Fish possessing poison sting

A

Duck-billed Platypus
Ascaris
Ichthyophis
Trygon

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8
Q

Mention the role of the radula in Molluscs.

A

The radula helps in scraping and scratching the food and creates depressions in the rocks. Molluscs use rocks as their habitat.

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9
Q

. What do you understand by metagenesis? Give an example.

A

Metagenesis is the phenomenon in which one generation of plants and animals reproduces asexually followed by sexually reproducing generation.
eg., Coelenterates.

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10
Q

. What do you understand by metagenesis? Give an example.

A

Metagenesis is the phenomenon in which one generation of plants and animals reproduces asexually followed by sexually reproducing generation.
eg., Coelenterates.

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11
Q

What is bioluminescence? Give an example.

A

The production and emission of light by a living organism is known as bioluminescence. It is widely seen in marine animals, in some fungi, and a few terrestrial invertebrates. Jellyfish and fireflies exhibit this phenomenon

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12
Q

How do endoparasites survive inside the body of the host?

A

1 Anaerobic respiration.
2 Exchange of gases through the body surface.
3 They possess an additional organ for attachment.
4 Well-developed reproductive organs.
5 A thick body covering is present.
6 They have no locomotory organs.
7 Tapeworms do not have a digestive system and absorb the digested food of the host.

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13
Q

Mention two similarities between Aves and Mammals.

A

Both Aves and Mammals are homeotherms, i.e., warm-blooded. They have a four-chambered heart

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14
Q

What is the function of feathers in birds?

A

1 The feathers help in maintaining body temperatures.
2 They provide airfoil shape for wings to help in flight.
3 They act as the secondary sex characters in both the sexes.
4 The colour and markings help in attracting mates.

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15
Q

Name the classes of vertebrates with two, three and four-chambered hearts.

A

1- Two-chambered hearts– Fish One atria and one ventricle are present. The oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mixes together.
2- Three-chambered hearts- Amphibians Two auricles and one ventricle
3- Four-chambered hearts- Mammals Two auricles and two ventricles

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16
Q

explain Arthropoda, according to:
Excretory Organ
Circulatory Organ
Respiratory Organ

A

Malpighian tubules
Open
Lungs/gills/trachea

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17
Q

explain Annelida , according to:
Excretory Organ
Circulatory Organ
Respiratory Organ

A

Nephridia
Closed
Skin

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18
Q

explain Mollusc , according to:
Excretory Organ
Circulatory Organ
Respiratory Organ

A

Metanephridia
Open
Skin/Parapodia

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19
Q

explain Amphibia , according to:
Excretory Organ
Circulatory Organ
Respiratory Organ

A

Closed
Closed
Lungs and Skin

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20
Q

write few point on open circulatory system

A
  • Circulation takes a longer time.
    -Haemocoel is present
    -The blood flows with slow velocity
    -Blood flow cannot be regulated.
    -Supply and removal of materials are slow
    -Materials are exchanged between blood and lacunae.
21
Q

write few point on closed circulatory system

A
  • Circulation takes a short time.
    -Haemocoel is absent
    -The blood flows with high velocity
    -Blood flow can be regulated.
    -Supply and removal of materials are rapid
    -Materials are exchanged between blood and tissues through sinuses.
22
Q

What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves?

A

A.16.Pneumatic bones, the hollow bones and air sacs in birds helps them in flying

23
Q

Give examples for the animal having canal system and spicules

A

Scypha and Euspongilla and other members of Porifera have spicules and canal system in their body

24
Q

Give examples of warm and cold-blooded animals?

A
  • All birds and mammals are examples of warm-blooded animals.
  • All amphibians and aquatic animals and some insects such as the dragonflies and bees
25
Q

What are triploblastic animals?

A
  • Animals with three germ layers-
    1- the ectoderm, 2- mesoderm, 3-endoderm
  • All multicellular animals including Molluscs, worms, arthropods, Echinodermata and vertebrates are examples of triploblastic animal
26
Q

What are triploblastic animals?

A
  • Animals with three germ layers-
    1- the ectoderm, 2- mesoderm, 3-endoderm
  • All multicellular animals including Molluscs, worms, arthropods, Echinodermata and vertebrates are examples of triploblastic animal
27
Q

The clam nervous system is composed of:

(a) labial palps
(b) one pair of ganglia
(c) two pairs of ganglia
(d) three pairs of ganglia

A

D

28
Q

______ are devoid of respiratory, excretory and circulatory organs.
(a) Threadworms
(b) Sponges
(c) Tapeworms
(d) Liver fluke

A

B

29
Q

Distinguish between insect & arachnida.

A

Insects have three different body regions. They are: a head, a thorax, and an abdomen.
Arachnids have eight legs and only two body regions such as the head and the abdomen

30
Q

. What are the basis of classification of animalia ?

A

based on the presence or absence of notochord- Non-Chordata and Chordata. Chordates possess notochord while non-chordates lack it. Animals belonging to the Phylum Porifera to Phylum Echinoderms are non-chordates

31
Q

What are the different levels or grades of the organisation?

A

Cellular level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ- system level

32
Q

What is the definition of the term~ incomplete digestive system?

A

is a digestive system that has only a single opening to the outside of the body. This opening serves as both mouth and anus from a single place

33
Q

define the term complete digestive system?

A

A complete digestive system can be defined as a system that has two openings, one is the mouth, and the second is the anus

33
Q

define the term complete digestive system?

A

A complete digestive system can be defined as a system that has two openings, one is the mouth, and the second is the anus

34
Q

What do you mean by the diploblastic organisation in animals?

A

The organisation in which cells are arranged into two embryonic layers, external ectoderm and internal endoderm, is called diploblastic organisation. Animals with this organisation are called diploblastic animals

35
Q

What is the triploblastic organisation?

A

If the developing embryo has a third germinal layer, i.e., mesoderm, in between the ectoderm and endoderm. Then, animals with this organisation are called triploblastic animals

36
Q

In which phylum do the adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry?

A

The adults exhibit radial symmetry and larvae exhibit bilateral symmetry in Echinodermata

37
Q

What is a coelom?

A

A coelom is a fluid-filled body cavity that is completely lined by tissue created from the mesoderm, the middle layer of the primary cells found in an embryo. It is typically found in multicellular organisms, which are living things that have more than one ce

38
Q

What are Coelomates?

A

Coelomates are animals which have a coelom (body cavity) between their mesoderm and endoderm. The mesoderm gives rise to the lining of the coelomic cavity

39
Q

How are pneumatic bones and air sacs important in aves?

A

Pneumatic bones are hollow and filled with air that helps aves in flying. Air sacs are basically the air reservoirs. Plus, they regulate the body temperature and act as cooling devices in aves.

40
Q

Name the major groups of the animals.

A

The major groups of the animals are Invertebrates and Vertebrates.

41
Q

Mention the role of the radula in Molluscs.

A
  • facilitates scraping and scratching the food.
  • It also creates depressions in the rocks.
  • Molluscs use rocks as their habitat
42
Q

What do you understand about metagenesis? Explain with an example.

A

The phenomenon in which one generation of plants and animals reproduces asexually, followed by a sexually reproducing generation is known as Metagenesis. For example, Coelenterates

43
Q

What is bioluminescence? Elaborate with an example.

A

Bioluminescence is known as the production and emission of light by a living organism.
It is widely observed in marine animals and some fungi.
A few terrestrial invertebrates. Jellyfish and fireflies exhibit this phenomenon known as bioluminescence

44
Q

Explain the class amphibia.

A
  • most amphibians can exist in both places, aquatic as well as terrestrial habitats.
  • most of them have two pairs of limbs.
  • the body is divisible into the head and the trunk; the tail may also be present in some. - The amphibian skin is moist and it doesn’t have scales.
  • Their eyes have eyelids and a tympanum represents the ear.
45
Q

What is the basis of the classification of Animalia?

A

Notochord
Symmetry
Organisation
Embryonic layers

46
Q

What do you think can be the reasons for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the animal kingdom? Elaborate your point with reasons

A

The reason behind this statement is that they are found and habitat on the land, sea as well as air. Plus, they make up over three fourths of the currently discovered living and fossil organisms. We know that they range in distribution from the deep sea to the peaks of the mountains

47
Q

Enlist the main features of Aschelminthes and give examples.

A
  • They are known as roundworms because they appear circular in C.S.
  • Free-living, aquatic, terrestrial or parasitic.
  • The organization of the body is organ level.
  • Bilaterally symmetrical animals.
  • They are triploblastic and pseudocoelomate.
  • Alimentation is complete with the muscular or pharynx.
  • Sexes are Separate.
  • The body is covered by a cuticle.
  • Fertilization is internal.

biology (7 decks)

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