Chapter 2

Question 1

Reaction Time (RT)

Answer 1

presentation of a stimulus -> initiation of a motor response. Indicates speed at which one makes a decision

Question 2

Simple (RT)

Answer 2

one choice like lifting a finger grom a keyboard when light comes one. (Stop sign)

Question 3

Choice (RT)

Answer 3

choices like hitting one of the 3 keys when one of the 3 lights come one. (Stop light)

Question 4

Discrimination (RT)

Answer 4

trying to predict or do one action among other distraction such as lifting a finger when a red light comes on. If blue or green, then make no response.

Question 5

Hick’s Law

Answer 5

Predicts the RT goes up as the number of choice alternatives go up as well

Question 6

Anticipation (guessing)

Answer 6

Event anticipation: if your options decrease, so will your RT. You could potentially have a false start/getting tricked

Question 7

Stimulus-Response Compatibility

Answer 7

Degree of compatibility between stimulus and response. RT will be faster as the S-R becomes more compatible

Question 8

Psychological Refractory Period (PRP)

Answer 8

Delay period, put planned action “on hold”. RT increases for the second action

Question 9

Movement Time

Answer 9

Imitation of the movement -> movement completion

Question 10

Response Time

Answer 10

Reaction time plus movement time

Question 11

Attention

Answer 11

Characteristics associated with consciousness, awareness, and cognitive effort

Question 12

Single Channel Filter Theories

Answer 12

Serial order, can only process one task at a time

Question 13

Central Resource Theory

Answer 13

Everything you need to pay attention to has to fit into that bubble, reservoir of resources for attention

Question 14

Multiple Resource Theories

Answer 14

Several attention mechanisms, each with limited capacity. If tasks require a common mechanism, the it might be difficult to perform at the same time

Question 15

Autimatically

Answer 15

Critical to understanding importance of autimaticity. Things you do not have to consciously think about

Question 16

Internal broad

Answer 16

“big picture”, own body and thoughts

Question 17

Internal narrow

Answer 17

specific physiological/cognitive processes

Question 18

External broad

Answer 18

environment as a whole

Question 19

External narrow

Answer 19

specific features within environment or specific movement goal/outcome

Question 20

Example of Internal broad

Answer 20

rehearsing game strategy if free throw is missed

Question 21

Example of Internal narrow

Answer 21

visualizing proper execution of the free throw

Question 22

Example of External broad

Answer 22

scanning crowd, opponents, and teammates while standing at the line

Question 23

Example of External narrow

Answer 23

fixating on the rim of the basket prior to executing the free throw

Question 24

Arousal

Answer 24

general physiological and psychological activation, not anxiety

Question 25

Short term memory

Answer 25

unrehearsed information is lost. Phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, central executive

Question 26

Long term memory

Answer 26

Some information may be lost over time. Procedural memory, semantic memory, episodic memory

Question 27

Working memory

Answer 27

receives information from the long-term memory