Chapter 2 Flashcards
Preincident Survey
Assessment of a facility or location made before an emergency occurs, in order to prepare for an appropriate emergency response. Also known as Preplan.
Occupancy
(1) General fire and emergency services term for a building structure, or residency. (2) Building code classification based on the use to which owners or tenants put buildings or portions of buildings. Regulated by the various building and fire codes. Also known as Occupancy Classification.
Transportation Mode
Technologies used to move people and/or goods in different environments; for example, rail, motor vehicles, aviation, vessels, and pipelines.
Container
(1) Article of transport equipment that is: (a) of a permanent character and strong enough for repeated use; (b) specifically designed to facilitate the carriage of goods by one or more modes of transport without intermediate reloading; and (c) fitted with devices permitting gits ready handling, particularly its transfer from one mode to another. The term “container” does not include vehicles. Also known as Freight Container. (2) Box of standardized size used to transport cargo by truck or rail car when transported over land or by cargo vessels at sea; sizes are usually 8x8x20 feet or 8x8x40 feet (2.5m by 2.5m by 6m or 2.5m by 2.5m by 12m)
Packaging
Shipping containers and their markings, labels, and/or placards.
Manway
(1) Opening (hole) through which a person may to to gain access to an underground or enclosed structure. (2) Opening that is large enough to admit a person into a tank trailer or dry bulk trailer. This opening is usually equipped with a removable, lockable cover. Also known as Manhole.
Cryogen
Gas that is converted into liquid by being cooled below -130 F (-90C) at 14.7 psi. Also known as Refrigerated Liquid and Cryogenic Liquid.
Oxidizer
Any material that readily yields oxygen or other oxidizing gas, or that readily reacts to promote or initiate combustion of combustible materials.
Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC)
Rigid (RIBC) or flexible (FIBC) portable packaging, other than a cylinder or portable tank, that is designed for mechanical handling with a maximum capacity of not more than 3 cubic meters (3,000 L, 793 gal, or 106 ft3) and a minimum capacity of not less than 0.45 cubic meters (450 L, 119 gal, or 15.9 ft3) or a maximum net mass of not less than 400 kilograms (882 lbs).
Dust Explosion
Rapid burning (deflagration) with explosive force, or any combustible dust. Dust explosions generally consist of two explosions: a small explosion or shock wave creates additional dust in an atmosphere, causing the second and larger explosion.
Label
Four-inch square diamond-shaped marker required by federal regulations on individual shipping containers that contain hazardous materials, and are smaller than 640 cubic feet (18 m3). Designed for nonbulk packages.
Placard
Diamond-shaped sign that is affixed to each side of a structure of vehicle transporting hazardous materials to inform responders of fire hazards, life hazards, special hazards, and reactivity potential. The placard indicates the primary class of the material and, in some cases, the exact material being transported; required on containers that are 640 cubic feet (18m3) or larger. Designed for bulk packages.
Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
Manual that aids emergency response and inspection personnel in identifying hazardous materials placards and labels; also gives guidelines for initial actions to be taken at hazardous materials incidents. Developed jointly by Transport Canada (TC), U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), the Secretariat of Communications and Transport of Mexico (SCT), and with the collaboration of CIQUIME (Centro de Informacion Quimica para Emergencias).
Elevated Temperature Material
Material that when offered for transportation or transported in bulk packaging is (a) in a liquid phase and at temperatures at or above 212F (100C), (b) intentionally heated at or above its liquid phase flash points of 100F (38C), or (c) in a solid phase and at a temperature at or above 464F (240C).
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
International classification and labeling system for chemicals and other hazard communication information, such as safety data sheets.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Form provided by chemical manufacturers, distributers, and importers; provides information about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response procedures, and waste disposal procedures.
CAS Number
Number assigned by the American Chemical Society’s Chemical Abstract Service that uniquely identifies a specific compound.
Bill of Landing
Shipping paper used by the trucking industry (and others) indicating origin, destination, route, and product; placed in the cab of every truck tractor. This document establishes the terms of a contract between a shipper and a carrier. It serves as a document of title, contract of carriage, and receipt for goods. Similar to Air Bill and Waybill.
Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)
Community organization responsible for local emergency response planning. Required by SARA Title III, LEPCs are composed of local officials, citizens, and industry representatives with the task of designing, reviewing, and updating a comprehensive emergency plan for an emergency planning district; plans may address hazardous materials inventories, hazardous material response training, and assessment of local response capabilities.
Local Emergency Response Plan (LERP)
Plan detailing how local emergency response agencies will respond to community emergencies; required by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and prepared by the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPA).
Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO)
A system of software applications that assists emergency responders in the development of safe response plans. It can be used to access, store, and evaluate information critical in emergency response.
Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders (WISER)
This electronic resource brings a wide range of information to the hazmat responder such as chemical identification support, characteristics of chemicals and compounds, health hazard information, and containment advice.
Olfactory Fatigue
Gradual inability of a person to detect odors after initial exposure; can be extremely rapid with some toxins, such as hydrogen sulfide.