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Hazmat First Res 5th > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Hazardous Material

A

Any substance or material that poses an unreasonable risk to health, safety, property, and/or the environment if it is not properly controlled during handling, storage, manufacture, processing, packaging, use, disposal, or transportation.

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2
Q

Dangerous Goods

A

(1) Any product, substance, or organism included by its nature or by regulation in any of the nine United Nations classifications of hazardous materials. (2) Alternate term used in Canada and other countries for hazardous materials. (3) Term used in the U.S. and Canada for hazardous materials aboard aircraft.

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3
Q

Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD)

A

Any weapon or device that is intended or has the capability to cause death or serious bodily injury to a significant number of people through the release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals or their precursors, a disease organism, or radiation or radioactivity; may include chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive (CBRNE) type weapons.

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4
Q

Mitigate

A

(1) To cause to become less harsh or hostile; to make less severe, intense, or painful; to alleviate. (2) Third of three steps (locate, isolate, mitigate) in one method of sizing up an emergency situation.

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5
Q

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

A

U.S. nonprofit educational and technical association devoted to protecting life and property from fire by developing fire protection standards and educating the public. Located in Quincy, Massachusetts

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6
Q

Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)

A

An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.

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7
Q

Awareness Level

A

Lowest level of training established by the National Fire Protection Association for personnel at hazardous materials incidents. They perform limited defensive actions, such as calling for help evacuating the hazard area and securing the scene

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8
Q

Operations Level

A

Level of training established by the National Fire Protection Association allowing first responders to take defensive actions at hazardous materials incidents.

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9
Q

Operations Mission Specific Level

A

Level of training established by the National Fire Protection Association allowing first responders to take additional defensive tasks and limited offensive actions at hazardous materials incidents.

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10
Q

Incident Commander (IC)

A

Person in charge of the Incident Command System and responsible for the management of all incident operations during an emergency.

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11
Q

Situational Awareness

A

Perception of the surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events.

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12
Q

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

A

Standard methods or rules in which an organization or fire department operates to carry out a routine function. Usually these procedures are written in a policies and procedures handbook and all firefighters should be well versed in their content.

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13
Q

Hazard

A

Condition, substance, or device that can directly cause injury or loss; the source of a risk.

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14
Q

Acute

A

Characterized by sharpness or severity; having a rapid onset and a relatively short duration.

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15
Q

Chronic

A

Marked by long duration; recurring over a period of time.

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16
Q

Acute Health Effects

A

Health effects that occur or develop rapidly after exposure to a hazardous substance. Such as vomiting or diarrhea

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17
Q

Chronic Health Effects

A

Long-term health effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous substance. Such as cancer

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18
Q

Routes of Entry

A

Pathways by which hazardous materials get into (or affect) the human body.

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19
Q

Heat

A

Form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules in solids or liquids that is transferred from one body to another as a result of a temperature difference between the bodies, such as from the sun to the earth. To signify its intensity, it is measured in degrees of temperature.

20
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

Energy possessed by objects due to their position or motion, the sum of potential and kinetic energy.

21
Q

Pressure

A

Force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPa).

22
Q

Electricity

A

Form of energy resulting from the presence and flow of charged particles.

23
Q

Chemical Energy

A

Potential energy stored in the internal structure of a material that may be released during a chemical reaction or transformation.

24
Q

Radiation

A

Energy from a radioactive source emitted in the form of waves or particles, as a result of the decay of an atomic nucleus; process known as radioactivity.

25
Q

Corrosive

A

Capable of causing damage by gradually eroding, rusting, or destroying a material. Chem that destroy or burn living tissues.

26
Q

Toxic

A

Poisonous also chemicals or biological substances that causes sickness, illness, or injury.

27
Q

Virus

A

Simplest type of microorganism that can only replicate itself in the living cells of this hosts. Viruses are unaffected by antibiotics.

28
Q

Bacteria

A

Microscopic, single-celled organisms.

29
Q

Toxin

A

Substance that has the property of being poisonous.

30
Q

NFPA 1072

A

Standard for hazardous material weapons of mass destruction emergency response personnel professional qualifications

31
Q

NFPA 472

A

Standard for compliance of responders to hazardous material weapons of mass destruction incidents

32
Q

NFPA 473

A

Standard for compliance for EMS personnel responding to hazardous material weapons of mass destruction incidents

33
Q

Hazardous material technician

A

Performance offense of task, including controlling releases at hazmat incidents and may supervise activities of operational level responders performing mission specific task

34
Q

Hazardous material incident commander

A

Manages the incident by making command decisions to utilize resources and determine strategies and tactics to mitigate the emergency

35
Q

Hazardous material Officer

A

Manages the hazmat personnel and operations under the direction of the incident commander

36
Q

At the operations level, responders are expected

A

To identify potential hazards at incidents

37
Q

The three primary mechanisms of harm

A

Energy release
Corrosivity
Toxicity

38
Q

Six types of energy release

A 
Heat
Mechanical 
Pressure 
Electricity 
Chemical 
Radiation
39
Q

Energy release at hazmat incident presents

A

The greatest threat

40
Q

Corrosives comprise

A

The largest usage class (by volume) in industry

41
Q

Statistics indicate that most transportation incidents occur while the materials are

A

Being transported via highway rather than by air, rail, or water.

42
Q

Department of transportation

A

The DOT issues transportation regulations in title 49 (transportation) code of federal regulations. These regulations are sometimes referred to as the hazardous material regulations or HMR

43
Q

Environmental protection agency

A

The EPA is responsible for researching and settling national standards for a variety of environmental programs. The EPA issues legislation to protect the environment in title 40 CFR.

44
Q

Department of Labor

A

The occupational safety and health administration (OSHA), part of DOL, issues legislation relating to worker safety under title 29 CFR.

45
Q

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

A

The NRC regulates US commercial nuclear power plants and the civilian use of nuclear materials as well as the possession, use, storage, and transfer a radioactive materials through title 10 (energy) CFR 20

46
Q

Department of Energy (DOE)

A

Manages the national nuclear research and defense programs, including the storage of high level nuclear waste

47
Q

Individuals who train to meet NFPA 1072 will

A

Meet or exceed OSHA requirements for
awareness
Operations
Technician

Hazmat First Res 5th (4 decks)

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