Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the difference between multicultural and intercultural?
Multi-Society contains many ethnic groups, but these groups don’t really interact.
Inter-Deep understanding and respect for all cultures-everyone learns together.
What is the etymology of culture?
- 1400s, cultivation and tillage. 2) 1600’s, act of developing intellectual and moral faculties 3) Expert care and training . 4) Enlightenment and excellence of taste acquired by intellectual and aesthetic training, and acquaintance with and taste in fine arts, humanities and broad aspects of science 5) Integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief and behaviour, customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group, and the set of attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes a company or corporation.
What was the quote said by Edward Burnett Taylor? (1871)
Culture or civilization taken in its wide ethnographic sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.
Culture as a way of life
Everything that people have (material objects), think (ideas, attitudes, values), and do (behaviour patterns) as members of a society.
What are some characteristics of culture?
Learned, unconscious, shared, integrated, symbolic, a way of life, dynamic, relative.
What does cultural relativity mean?
That cultures vary and one’s own beliefs and practices may not be the same in other cultures.
Why do we have culture?
To communicate, to be used as a tool, to give meaning to differences, for identity, to adapt.
Can culture be maladaptive?
Yes, examples include anti-vax and harmful culture such as stoning the gays (does not advance us as humans).
Is culture public or private?
Both, because it includes identity and social norms.
What are some inuit cultural observations?
Snowmobiles for transport, country food (harvested from land and sea), muktuk (whale blubber), arctic char, caribou, fermented walrus considered a delicacy. When visiting someone’s house you don’t knock, you just walk in.
What is society?
Distinct, autonomous community. Mutual social relations are embedded and expressed through the medium of culture. Any portion of a community regarded as a unit, distinguishable by particular aims or standards of living or conduct. A group of people who occupy the same locality and share a culture and traditions.
What does polysemic mean?
Having many meanings
What is cultural diffusion?
The spread of cultural elements from one culture to another.
What is cultural hegemony?
Change being forced upon the subordinate culture by the dominant.
What is cultural genocide?
The complete loss of culture
Culture defined
Culture is everything that people have, think, and do as members of society
What does it mean that culture is symbolic?
The capacity to use such symbols (language, art), enables people to better understand the world around them.
What does it mean that culture is learned?
Culture is learned by observing others, participating, and being taught what things mean and how to behave.
What does it mean that culture is unconscious?
Our own culture is so ingrained in us that we often take it for granted and view our values and behaviour as natural and normal.
What does it mean by cultures are integrated?
The various parts of a culture are interconnected to some degree. A change in one part of the culture is likely to bring about changes in other parts.
What does it mean that culture is shared?
The shared meanings connected to things, ideas, and behaviour patterns make life less ambiguous and more predictable for members of the same cultural group.
What does it mean that culture is adaptive?
Culture enables people to adapt to their environments and thus increase their chances of survival.
What does it mean that culture is dynamic?
The things, ideas, and behaviour patterns of some cultures change constantly through both internal and external processes.
