Chapter 2

Question 1

Federalism

Answer 1

the constitutional allocation of governmental powers between the federal and state governments

Question 2

“Layer Cake Federalism”

Answer 2

original constitutional division of powers, a limited number of functions become the responsibility of the federal government

Question 3

“Marble Cake” Federalism

Answer 3

Government layers are strict, but policymaking isolation is no longer the rule
state intermediary between federal and local governments

Question 4

Bureaucracy (alluded to in the constitution):

Answer 4

1. a major force in the policy process
2. Often perceived as obstructionist and conservative
3. Frequently the most active in promoting policy change

Question 5

incrementalism

Answer 5

policy change through an accumulation of small policy changes

Question 6

iron Triangles

Answer 6

1. Interest groups: want something from the government
2. congressional committees/subcommittees: review legislation in specific policy area; tend to favor interest for which they have oversight
3. Administrative agencies: promotes interests through policymaking process

Question 7

Logrolling

Answer 7

actors minimize conflict by giving one another what they want

Question 8

Pork Barrel Spending

Answer 8

distribution of funds for special projects of congress members who hold positions in comittees/subcomitees

Question 9

Corporatism

Answer 9

the development of mechanisms for direct involvement of interest groups in public decision making