Chapter 2 Flashcards
Organic compound needed in small amounts for the body to function properly.
Vitamin
Small molecule used to build proteins.
Amino acid
Carbohydrate that is partially indigestible.
Fiber
Organic compound that is insoluble in water and includes fats, oils, and waxes.
Lipid
Chemical element, such as calcium or potassium, that is needed for body processes.
Mineral
Muscle contractions that help food move through the digestive system.
Peristalsis
The approximate amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.
Calorie
Process that allows nutrients to be taken up by the blood.
Absorption
Organic compound composed of amino acids and includes enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fibers.
Protein
Chemical in food that your body needs.
Carbohydrate
The body needs water and _____ to survive.
energy
Energy comes from carbohydrates, _____ and fats that are eaten
proteins
Energy is expressed in _____. The average eight grade student needs _____ C each day.
calories, 2,000
Sugars are _____ carbohydrates. They provide quick energy.
simple
Starch is a _____ carbohydrate. They provide longer lasting energy.
complex
Proteins are the building blocks of _____.
life
Some _____ must come from food.
energy
_____ provides many essential functions in the body.
Water
Vitamins and _____ are necessary for the body to function optimally.
Minerals
The _____ system breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and excretes waste.
digestive
“You are what you eat.” What is meant by this phase?
What we eat can change how we look.
What is a nutrient?
A nutrient is a required substance to keep the body in order.
Why are unsaturated fats better than saturated fats?
Saturated fats can cause heart disease.
Describe the main organs of the digestive function.
Mouth: receives food Esophagus: connects stomach and throat Stomach: digestions occurs here Large Intestine: absorbs water Small Intestine: end of absorption takes place
