Chapter 2

Question 1

Accommodation

Answer 1

“Specialized support and services that are provided to enable students with diverse needs to achieve learning expectations. This may include technological equipment, support staff, and informal supports” (Saskatchewan Learning, 2000, p. 145)

Question 2

Adaptation

Answer 2

“Adjustments to curriculum content, instructional practices, materials or technology, assessment strategies, and the learning environment made in accordance with the strengths, needs, and interests of the learner” (Saskatchewan Learning, 2000, p. 145)

Question 3

Modification

Answer 3

Changes in policy that will support students with exceptionalities in their learning (e.g., altering school curriculum or attendance policy)

Question 4

The Special Education Classroom Approach

Answer 4

Special education teacher provides the majority of students’ educational program in special education classroom

Preferred and dominant service model between 1950 and 1970

Primary focus was on functional curriculum

Question 5

The Special Education Classroom Approach

advantages and disadvantages

Answer 5

Advantages
E.g., education is provided by well-trained special educators
E.g., system monitors student growth and progress

Disadvantages
E.g., students are isolated from their typically achieving peers
E.g., students do not have “typical” role models

Question 6

The Resource Room Model

Answer 6

Students go to resource room only for special instruction

Advantages
E.g., Students are more visible throughout the school and are more likely considered to be a part of the school; Students have the opportunity to receive instruction from more than one person

Disadvantages
E.g., Pull-out programs are disruptive to the routine of the general classroom; Students who exit the classroom to receive specialized services may be ostracized

Question 7

Inclusion

Answer 7

: A practice based on the belief that students with exceptionalities belong in general education settings, with support services provided in the general classroom by specialists

Question 8

Advantages and disadvantages to the inclusion model

Answer 8

Advantages
E.g., opportunities for social interaction
E.g., ease in accessing the general curriculum

Disadvantages
E.g., general educators have not been involved sufficiently and therefore are unlikely to support the model
E.g., limited empirical data exist to support the model

Question 9

Five critical dimensions of successful inclusive classrooms have been identified as:

Answer 9

1. A Sense of Community & Social Acceptance
2. An Appreciation of Student Diversity
3. Attention to Curricular Needs
4. Effective Management & Instruction
5. Personnel Support & Collaboration