Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CSD 115- Unit 1 Exam > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous System (3)

A
  1. Central Nervous System
  2. Peripheral Nervous System
  3. Autonomic Nervous System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Central Nervous System consists of

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peripheral Nervous System consists of..(3)

A

Cranial Nerves, Spinal Nerves, Autonomic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Autonomic Nervous System consists of…

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The brain is protected by

A

The skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The spinal cord is protected by

A

The spinal column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The brain and spinal cord are both protected by

A

The meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Three membranous layers under the bony covering

A

Meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Meninges of the Brain (3)

A
  1. Dura Matter
  2. Arachnoid Matter
  3. Pia Matter

(DAP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dura Matter

A

Attached to the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Arachnoid Matter

A

Purple, spider webby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pia Matter

A

Bottom level, attached directly to brain or spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

-Left and Right Hemispheres

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Connected by Corpus Callosum (allows two hemispheres to communicate)

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Each hemisphere= 4 lobes (Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, and Occipital)

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gyri, Sulci, and Fissures

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Gyri

A

Bumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sulci

A

Grooves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fissures

A

Deep sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Four Lobes of the Brain

A
  1. Frontal Lobe
  2. Parietal Lobe
  3. Temporal Lobe
  4. Occipital Lobe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Primary motor area

A

Frontal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Frontal Lobe plays a role in…(5)

MEJPS

A
  1. Motor Planning
  2. Emotional Control
  3. Judgement
  4. Problem solving
  5. Socialization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Broca’s Area is found here

A

Frontal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Primary Sensory Area

A

Parietal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Parietal Lobe plays a role in…(3)

A
  1. Pain
  2. Temperature
  3. Touch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Primary Auditory Area

A

Temporal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Temporal Lobe plays a role in…(1)

A
  1. Processing sound
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Wernicke’s Area is located here

A

Temporal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Primary Visual Area

A

Occipital Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Occipital Lobe is not involved in…(2)

A
  1. Speech

2. Language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

For most people, language Area of the brain is located in the….

A

Left hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Right side dominance for language

A

5% of righties, 19% of lefties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Location of Cerebellum

A

Below and to the back of the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Cerebellum plays a role in..(3)

A
  1. Motor Coordination
  2. Balance
  3. Movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cerebellum is found to be related to…(2)

A
  1. Autism

2. Stuttering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Most primitive part of the brain

A

Brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Brain stem controls…(2)

A
  1. Breathing

2. Heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Pathway for motor and sensory nerves carrying information to and from the Brain

A

Brian stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Pathways cross over in the

A

Brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Extension of the brain stem

A

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Pathways for neural information

A

Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Spinal cord is protected by..(2)

A
  1. Meninges

2. Spinal Column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Originate in the brain stem and exit at the base of the skull

A

Cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves

A

12 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Transmit smell, vision, hearing, and taste information to the brain

A

Cranial Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Transmit motor signals to control voluntary movement of eyes, mouth, lips, tongue, and larynx

A

Cranial Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

How many pairs of spinal Nerves

A

31 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Originate in the spinal cord, exit at various points along the spinal cord

A

Spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Carry motor and sensory information from the rest of the body

A

Spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Speech-Language Areas of the Brain (3)

A
  1. Wernickes Area
  2. Brocas Area
  3. Motor Cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Location of Wernickes Area

A

Temporal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Function of Wernickes Area

A

Comprehension and formulation of language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Location of Brocas Area

A

Frontal Lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Function of Brocas Area

A

Motor planning of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Motor Cortex Location

A

Most posterior portion of frontal lobe, behind Broca’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Motor Cortex function

A

Contains nerve centers that execute motor movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What protects the brain?

A

The skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What protects the spinal cord?

A

The spinal column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What are the meninges? List them all from brain to skull

A

Three membranous layers under the bony covering.

Dura Matter–> Arachnoid Matter–> Pia Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Which later is web-like?

A

Arachnoid Matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

How many hemispheres are there in the cerebrum?

A

2 hemispheres (left & right)

62
Q

How many lobes are there in the cerebrum?

A

4 lobes.

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital

63
Q

Which Lobe is mostly responsible for vision?

A

Occipital Lobe

64
Q

Which Lobe is mostly responsible for touch and sensation?

A

Parietal Lobe

65
Q

Which lobe is mostly responsible for motor control?

A

Frontal Lobe

66
Q

Which Lobe is mostly responsible for cognition?

A

Frontal Lobe

67
Q

Which Lobe is mostly responsible for auditory information?

A

Temporal Lobe

68
Q

What part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate?

A

Medulla

69
Q

How does motor and sensory information travel from the brain to the body?

A

With nerve fibers. Travels through the brainstem. Goes to muscles from brain or from body part to brain.

70
Q

Are the cranial nerves and spinal nerves part of the CNS or PNS?

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

71
Q

The spinal nerves carry motor and sensory information to what parts of the body?

A

Between the spinal cord and the body

72
Q

Respiration

A

The Respiratory System

73
Q

Phonation

A

The Laryngeal System

74
Q

Articulation

A

The Articulatory System

75
Q

Resonation

A

Resonating Cavities

76
Q

Primary Function of respiratory system

A

Exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide in the lungs to sustain life

77
Q

Secondary function of respiratory system

A

Produce the power source (energy) for speech

78
Q

Location of Respiratory System

A

Thorax (chest cavity)

79
Q

Protective system of Respiratory System

A

Spinal column (back)
Ribs (sides)
Sternum (front)

80
Q

Main structures of Respiratory System (3)

A
  1. Diaphragm
  2. Lungs
  3. Trachea
81
Q

Diaphragm

A
  • dome-shaped (umbrella-like) muscle
  • sits under the lungs
  • separates thorax
82
Q

Lungs

A

-Trachea descends and divides into:
2 bronchi which enter the right and left lungs. These further divides into Bronchioles and Alveoli
-lungs and spongy, elastic material; covered by moist, pleural sac
-pleural sac bind lung to rib cage, diaphragm with friction free surface

83
Q

Energy=Pressure x Volume

A

Boyle’s Law

84
Q

Energy in the thorax is constant

A

Boyle’s Law

85
Q

Pressure and volume are inversely related

A

Boyle’s Law

86
Q

Increasing volume decreases pressure

A

Boyle’s Law

87
Q

Decreasing volume increases pressure

A

Boyle’s Law

88
Q

Respiration Step 1

A

-Diaphragm contracts flattens (volume increases so pressure decreases)

89
Q

Inhalation occurring during step 1 of respiration

A
  • Airway open
  • Pressure dropping within thoracic cavity
  • Air pressure outside is higher
  • Air rushes in
90
Q

Exhalation occurring after Step 2

A
  • Airway open
  • Internal lung pressure high
  • External pressure low
  • Air rushes out
91
Q

Quiet Breathing (breathing for life) in adults

A

17-22 breathes per minutes

92
Q

Tidal Volume

A

The amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs during quiet breathing

93
Q

Quiet Breathing (3)

A
  • Unimpeded movement of air allows maximum exchange of CO2 for O2
  • Uses 10-15% of vital capacity
  • Equal time: inhalation and exhalation
94
Q

Vital Capacity

A

The amount of air the lungs can hold following the max inhalation and max exhalation

95
Q

Restricted movement of air flow at vocal folds and in the oral cavity to produce voice and sounds

A

Breathing for speech

96
Q

Vital Capacity formula

A

IRV + TV + ERV = Vital Capacity

97
Q

Larynx Cartilages (3)

A
  1. Thyroid Cartilage
  2. Cricoid Cartilage
  3. Arytenoid Cartilages (paired)
98
Q

Thyroid Cartilage (3)

A
  • Largest structure in larynx
  • Anterior prominence “Adams apple”
  • Protects vocal folds/ vocal folds attach
99
Q

Cricoid Cartilage (2)

A
  • Topmost tracheal ring; just below thyroid

- Shaped like a class ring; larger in back

100
Q

Arytenoid Cartilages (3)

A
  • Sit atop cricold; opposite thyroid
  • Pyramidal; rocking action
  • Vocal folds attach
101
Q

Laryngeal Muscles (3)

A
  • Abductor
  • Adductor
  • Vocal Folds
102
Q

Abductor

A

Opening

103
Q

Adductor

A

Closing

104
Q

Vocal Folds

A

Paired.

  • Attached to the thyroid
  • Span across the top of cricoid cartilage
  • Attached at arytenoid cartilages
  • When open: glottis
105
Q

Bernoulli Principle

A

Used to explain how vocal folds open and close for foliation

106
Q

As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure associated with this movement will decrease

A

Bernoulli Principle

107
Q

Which theory explains how vocal folds open and close for foliation?

A

Bernoulli Principle

108
Q

Myoelastic

A

Aerodynamic Theory

109
Q

Laryngeal Tone

A

Produced during rapid vibration of vocal folds

110
Q

The source of sound for speech production

A

Laryngeal Tone

111
Q

Children’s vibratory rate for laryngeal tone

A

400 times per second

112
Q

Adult females vibratory rate for laryngeal tone

A

225 times per second

113
Q

Adult males vibratory rate for laryngeal tone

A

125 times per second

114
Q

Vibratory rate is based on:

A

Length and thickness (variable)

115
Q

Biological Function of Articulatory System (3)

A
  1. Mastication (chewing)
  2. Deglutition (swallowing)
  3. Disease prevention (tonsils/adenoids)
116
Q

Speech Function of Articulatory System

A

To produce speech sounds (phonemes)

117
Q

Articulatory Structure

A

Vocal Tract

-Begins above vocal folds; ends at lips and nose

118
Q

Three Cavities of Articulatory Structure

A
  1. Pharyngeal Cavity (throat)
  2. Oral Cavity (mouth)
  3. Nasal Cavity (nose)
119
Q

Pharyngeal Cavity (3)

A
  • Begins above vocal folds
  • Ends at back of oral and nasal cavities
  • Contains tonsils/adenoids (helps protect you from infection by trapping germs coming in through your mouth and nose)
120
Q

Oral Cavity (1)

A

-Begins where pharyngeal cavity ends; ends at the lips

121
Q

Structures of Oral Cavity (7)

A
  1. Tongue
  2. Alveoloar Ridge
  3. Hard Palate
  4. Soft Palate (Velum)
  5. Mandible (Jaw)
  6. Teeth
  7. Lips
122
Q

Nasal Cavity

A

Begins where pharyngeal cavity ends: ends at openings of the nose (nares)

123
Q

Resonance

A

The tendency for cavities to enhance certain sounds rather than others. Determined by shape and size
Ex: Tuba vs. Piccolo

124
Q

The nasal cavity can be uncoupled (separated from) the oral and pharyngeal cavities by:

A

raising the Velum

125
Q

The nasal cavity can be uncoupled (separated from) the nasal and pharyngeal cavities by:

A

raising the back of the Tongue

126
Q

T or F: There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves

A

True

127
Q

T or F: The cerebellum is located below and to the back of the cerebrum

A

True

128
Q

T or F: The left and right hemisphere are connected by the corpus callosum

A

True

129
Q

T or F: The function of Wenicke’s area is motor planning of speech

A

False

130
Q

T or F: The cerebellum controls breathing and heart rate

A

False

131
Q

T or F: The right hemisphere of the brain is most dominant for language

A

False

132
Q

T or F: The cerebrum is the most primitive part of the brain

A

False

133
Q

T or F: The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord

A

True

134
Q

T or F: The brain is the only part of the neuroanatomy covered by meninges

A

False

135
Q

The process of inhalation is initiated (begun) by

A

lowering the diaphragm.

136
Q

To produce a voiced sound, a speaker must close his vocal folds. What is the process of closing the vocal folds called?

A

Adduction

137
Q

Lowering the diaphragm during breathing, immediately results in?

A

Increased chest volume

138
Q

I am the largest laryngeal cartilage and the vocal folds attach to me.

A

thyroid cartilage

139
Q

Damage in the ____ lobe results in language difficulties.

A

temporal

140
Q

Which of the lobes of the brain is associated with vision?

A

Occipital

141
Q

The Adam’s apple is associated with

A

the thyroid cartilage

142
Q

Another name for the soft palate is?

A

Velum

143
Q

T or F: The central nervous system is comprised of the spinal and cranial nerves.

A

False

144
Q

Which of the lobes is considered the primary sensory area?

A

Parietal

145
Q

The ____ cavity begins at the vocal folds and ends behind the mouth and nose.

A

Pharyngeal

146
Q

The ____ cavity begins at the opening of the nose and ends in the back at the pharyngeal cavity.

A

Nasal

147
Q

The ____ cavity begins at the lips and ends at the back of the mouth.

A

Oral

148
Q

The ____ system protects and prepares our bodies for any situation, while the ____ system returns our body to a state of equilibrium.

A

Sympathetic, parasympathetic

149
Q

Where in the brain would you find the primary motor area?

A

Frontal lobe

150
Q

T or F: Efferent signals are motor signals that exit the brain while afferent signals are sensory signals that arrive to the brain.

A

True

151
Q

The vocal folds attach to which of the following cartilage(s)?

A

arytenoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage

CSD 115- Unit 1 Exam (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions