Chapter 2 Flashcards
Cognitive meanings
Terms that convey information.
Emotive meaning
Terminology that expresses or evokes feelings.
A value claim
Claim that something is good, bad, right, wrong, better, worse, more important, or less important than some other thing.
An Ambiguous expression
one that can be interpreted as having more than one clearly distinct meaning in a given context.
Intensional meaning
the qualities, properties, characteristics or attributes that the term “connotes”.
Extensional meaning
consists of the members of the class that the term denotes. A collection of objects to which that term applies.
Stipulative Definitions
Assigns meaning to a word for the first time. It is the adaptation of language.
Lexical Definitions
A definition used to report the meaning that a word already has in a language. It is the standard definition of a word.
Criteria for a Lexical Definition
- should conform to the standards of proper grammar
- convey the essential meaning of the word being defined
- Should be neither too broad or too narrow
- Should avoid circularity
- Should not be negative when it can be affirmative
- Should avoid affective terminology (emotive language)
- indicate the context to which the definiens pertains.
Precising Definitions
Intends to give more precision to an otherwise ambiguous term.
Theoretical Definition
Terms defined within the context of a theory, and which its definition is made to fit a theory.
Persuasive Definition
Intended to get you to feel a certain way about the term.
Demonstrative (Ostensive)
When one is defined through non-verbal reference to an object.
Enumerative
Listing of objects in the class of which is to be defined.
Subclass
To point off subclasses of a term.
