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CIS 100 Chapter 1 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Input
Process
Output
Storage

A

Four Main Computer Functions

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2
Q

It gathers data or allows users to enter data.

A

Input

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3
Q

It manipulates, calculates, or organizes that data into information.

A

Process

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4
Q

It displays data and information in a form suitable for the user.

A

Output

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5
Q

It saves data and information for later use.

A

Storage

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6
Q

Data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion; the result, or output that users require at the end of a job.

A

Information

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7
Q

Numbers, words, pictures or sounds that represent facts, figures or ideas; the raw input that users have at the start of a job.

A

Data

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8
Q

Manipulating or organizing data into information

A

Processing

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9
Q

The language computers use to process data into information, consisting of only the values of 0 and 1.

A

Binary Language

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10
Q

A digit that corresponds to the on and off states of a computer’s switches. A bit contains the value of 0 or 1.

A

Binary Digit (Bit)

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11
Q

Eight binary digits (bits)

A

Byte

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12
Q

A unit of computer storage equal to approximately 1,000 Bytes

A

Kilobyte (KB)

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13
Q

A unit of computer storage equal to approximately 1 million bytes.

A

Megabyte (MB)

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14
Q

About a Billion bytes

A

Gigabyte

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15
Q

1,099,511,627,776 bytes or two to the 40th power bytes.

A

Terabyte (TB)

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16
Q

10 to the 15th power of digital information.

A

Petabyte (PB)

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17
Q

Any part of a computer or computer system you can physically touch.

A

Hardware

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18
Q

The set of computer programs or instructions that tells the computer what to do and enables it to perform different tasks.

A

Software

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19
Q

The set of programs on a computer that helps a user carry out tasks such as word processing , sending email, balancing a budget, creating presentations, editing photos, taking an online course, and playing games.

A

Application Software

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20
Q

The set of programs that enables a computers hardware devices and application software to work together; it includes the operating system and utility programs.

A

System Software

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21
Q

The system software that controls the way in which a computer functions, including the management of hardware, peripherals and software.

A

Operating System (OS)

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22
Q

A mobile computer, such as the Apple iPad or Samsung Galaxy tab, integrated into a flat, multi-touch sensitive screen. It uses an onscreen virtual keyboard, but separate keyboards can be connected via Bluetooth or wireless.

A

Tablet Computer

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23
Q

A portable computer with a keyboard, a monitor, and other devices integrated into a single compact case.

A

Laptop (Notebook) Computer

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24
Q

A full featured but lightweight laptop computer that features a low power processor and a solid state drive. It tries to reduce its size and weight to extend battery life without sacrificing performance.

A

Ultrabook

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25
Q

A laptop computer designed specifically to work with handwriting recognition technology.

A

Tablet (2inone)

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26
Q

Any laptop or tablet running chrome os as its operating system.

A

Chromebook

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27
Q

A computer that is intended for use at a single location. A desktop computer consists of a case that houses the main components of the computer, plus peripheral devices.

A

Desktop Computer

28
Q

The metal or plastic case that holds all the physical parts of the computer together, including the computers processor, (it’s brains) it’s memory and the many circuit boards that help the computer function.

A

System Unit

29
Q

A device such as a monitor, printer or keyboard that connects to the system unit through a data port.

A

Peripheral Device

30
Q

A desktop system unit that houses the computers processor, memory and monitor in a single unit.

A

All in one computer

31
Q

A large, expensive computer that supports hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously and executes many different programs at the same time.

A

Mainframe

32
Q

A specially designed computer that can perform complex calculations extremely rapidly; used in situations in which complex models requiring intensive mathematical calculations are needed (such as weather forecasting and atomic energy research)

A

Supercomputer

33
Q

A hardware device used to enter, or input, data (text, images and sounds) and instructions (user responses and commands) into a computer. Some input devices are keyboards and mice.

A

Input Device

34
Q

A hardware device used to enter typed data and commands into a computer.

A

Keyboard

35
Q

A type of monitor (or display on a smartphone or tablet computer) that accepts input from a user touching a screen.

A

Touch screen

36
Q

A pen shapes device used to tap or write on touch sensitive screens.

A

Stylus

37
Q

A keyboard that gets its name from the first six letters on the top left row of alphabetic keys on the keyboard.

A

QWERTY Keyboard

38
Q

A type of wireless technology that uses radio waves to transmit data over short distances (approximately 3-300 feet depending on power. Often used to connect peripherals such as printers and keyboards to computers or headsets to cell phones.

A

Bluetooth Technology

39
Q

A software system in which components located on networked computers interact to achieve a common goal.

A

Distributed (grid) Computer

40
Q

A hardware device used to enter user responses and commands into a computer.

A

Mouse

41
Q

A mouse that uses an internal sensor or laser to control the mouses movement. The sensor sends signals to the computer, telling it where to move the pointer on the screen.

A

Optical Mouse

42
Q

A small, touch sensitive screen at the base of a laptop keyboard that that’s used to direct the cursor.

A

Touch Pad (trackpad)

43
Q

A type of input device that inputs images into the computer.

A

Scanner

44
Q

A common output device that displays text, graphics and video as soft copies (copies that can be seen only on screen)

A

Monitor

45
Q

A small camera that sits on top of a computer monitor (Connected to the computer by a cable) or that’s built into a laptop computer and is usually used to transmit video.

A

Webcam

46
Q

Software that allows you to control your computer devices by speaking into the microphone instead of using a keyboard or mouse.

A

Voice Recognition Software

47
Q

Software Designed to perform tasks or services for individuals.

A

Intelligent Personal Assistant

48
Q

A set of protocols that that enable devices to communicate when they are held in close proximity. NFC is commonly used for mobile payments

A

Near Field communication (NFC)

49
Q

The technology used in flat panel monitors.

A

Liquid crystal display (LCD)

50
Q

A common output device that creates tangible or hard copies of text and graphics.

A

Printer

51
Q

A printer that sprays ink or uses laser beams to make marks on the paper. The most common nonimpact printers are inkjet and laser printers.

A

Nonimpact Printers.

52
Q

A printer that has tiny hammer-like keys that strike the paper through an inked ribbon, thus making a mark in the paper. The most common impact printer is the dot-matrix printer.

A

Impact Printer

53
Q

A nonimpact printer that sprays tiny drops of ink onto paper.

A

Inkjet Printer

54
Q

A color model in which all colors are described as a mixture of four base colors (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Key (Black)

A

CMYK

55
Q

A nonimpact printer known for quick and quiet high-quality printouts

A

Laser Printer

56
Q

A device that combines the functions of a printer, scanner, copier, and fax.

A

All-in-one Printer

57
Q

A printer that prints on oversized paper. Often used for creating banners and signs.

A

Large Format Printer

58
Q

A printer that works either by melting wax based ink onto ordinary paper (in a process called thermal wax transfer printing) or by burning dots onto specially coated paper (in a process called direct thermal printing).

A

Thermal Printer

59
Q

Output devices for sound.

A

Speakers

60
Q

A system of speakers set up in such a way that it surrounds an entire area (and the people in it) with sound.

A

Surround-sound system

61
Q

An newer, more energy efficient technology used in monitors. It may result in better color accuracy and and thinner panels than traditional LCD monitors.

A

Light emitting diode (LED)

62
Q

Comprises computing devices, software or peripherals that use techniques, parts, and methods from an earlier time that are no longer popular.

A

Legacy Technology

63
Q

Displays that use organic compounds to produce light when exposed to an electric current. Unlike LCD’s, OLEDS DO NOT require a backlight to function and therefore draw less power and have a much thinner display, sometimes as thin as 3mm.

A

Organic light emitting diode (OLED)

64
Q

A single point that creates the images on a computer monitor. Pixels are illuminated by an electron beam that passes rapidly back and forth across the back of the screen so that the pixels appear to glow continuously.

A

Pixel

65
Q

The width to height proportion of a monitor.

A

Aspect Ratio

66
Q

The clearness or sharpness of an image, which is controlled by the number of pixels displayed on the screen.

A

Resolution

67
Q

A device that can project images from your computer onto a wall or viewing screen.

A

Projector

CIS 100 Chapter 1 (7 decks)

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