Chapter 2 Flashcards
Define the One-Dimensional Model
Explain behavior in terms of a single cause
Could mean a paradigm, school, or conceptual approach
Tend to ignore information from other areas
define the multidimensional model.
Interdisciplinary, eclectic, and integrative
“System” of influences that cause and maintain suffering
Draw upon information from several sources
Abnormal behavior results from multiple influences
name theMajor Influences of the multidimensional model
Biological Behavioral Emotional Social & cultural Developmental
what percentage does genetic contribution to psychopathology contribute?
less than 50%
who cam up with the diathesis stress model
Eric Kandel
What are the two branches of the human nervous system?
The central nervous system (CNS)
Brain and spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Somatic and autonomic branches
what parts make up a neuron?
Soma, Dendrites, axon, axon terminals, synapses
define soma
cell body
define dendrites
branches that receive messages from other neurons
define axon
trunk of neuron that sends messages to other neurons
define axon terminals
buds at end of axon from which chemical messages are sent
synapses
small gaps that separate neurons
neurons operate ___ but communicate ____
electrically, chemicallyNeurotransmitters are the chemical messengers
what are the two main parts of the brain
brainstem and forebrain
what are the 3 divisions of the brain?
hindbrain
midbrain
forebrain
what happens in the hindbrain?
Medulla – heart rate, blood pressure, respiration
Pons – regulates sleep stages
Cerebellum – involved in physical coordination
what happens in the midbrain?
Coordinates movement with sensory input
Contains parts of the reticular activating system (RAS)
what happens in the forebrain?
Most sensory, emotional, and cognitive processing
Two specialized hemispheres
what makes up the limbic system?
Thalamus – receives and integrates sensory information
Hypothalamus – eating, drinking, aggression, sexual activity
Name the lobes of the cerebral cortex
Frontal – thinking and reasoning abilities, memory
Parietal – touch recognition
Occipital – integrates visual input
Temporal – recognition of sights and sounds, long-term memory storage
what does the somatic branch of PNS control
Controls voluntary muscles and movement
what does the autonomic branch of the PNS control?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic branches
Regulates cardiovascular system & body temperature
Also regulates the endocrine system and aids in digestion
how many crainal nerve pairs are there?
12
how many cervical nerve pairs are there?
8
how many thoratic nerve pairs are there?
12
how many lumbar nerve pairs are there?
8
how many Saccral nerve pairs?
5
how many coccygeal nerve pairs?
1
the sympathertic nerve system is represented by the color ____
red
the parasympathetic nerve system is rep. by the color ___
blue
when you think endocrine system think
hormones
how many main endocrine glads are there in the body?
15
define agonists
Agonists increase the activity of a neurotransmitter by mimicking its effects
define antagonists
Antagonists inhibit or block the production of neurotransmitter or function indirectly to prevent the chemical from reaching the next neuron by closing or occupying the receptors.
what are the main types of neurotransmitters?
Serotonin (5-HT)
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
what three overlapping components does emotion have?
Behavior, physiology, and cognitive
