Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Abnormal Psychology > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Hippocrates view of abnormal behavior?

A

Abnormal behavior as a physical disease

Hysteria “the wandering uterus”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who extended hippocrates work on abnormal behavior?

A

Galen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe theGalenic-Hippocratic tradition

A

Linked abnormality with brain chemical imbalances

Foreshadowed modern views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when wasGeneral paresis (syphilis) and the biological link with madness

A

19th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

who discovered the cause of syphilis – a bacterial microorganism

A

Pastuer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

___ is a successful treatment on syphilis?

A

Penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who began mental illness reform in the US during the 19th century?

A

John P. Grey- Championed biological tradition in the U.S.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in the 19th century mental illness began to be seen as what?

A

physical ilness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was Emil Kraepelin credited with

A

Diagnosis and classification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

before the 19th century treatments for mental illnesses were very ____

A

crude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Proponents of moral therapy had contributions from whom?

A

Philippe Pinel and Jean Baptiste Pussin
Benjamin Rush- Led Reforms in U.S.
Dorothea Dix- mental hygiene movement
William Tuke-followed pinel’s lead in England

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Freudian theory of the structure and function of the mind

A

Unconscious
Catharsis
Psychoanalytic model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Id?

A

(pleasure principle; illogical, emotional, irrational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define Ego.

A

(reality principle; logical and rational)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define Superego

A

(moral principles; keeps id and ego in balance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Defense mechanisms in the brain cause

A

ego loses the battle with the id and superego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Psychosexual stages of development

A

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

type of thinking going on in the Superego is

A

conscience and driven by moral principles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

type of thinking going on in the Ego Mediator is?

A

logical and rational and driven by the reality principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

type of thinking going on in the id

A

biological; emotional and irrational and driven by the pleasure principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Anna Freud and self-psychology

A

Emphasized influence of the ego in defining behavior

22
Q

Melanie Klein, Otto Kernberg, and object relations theory

A

Emphasized how children incorporate (introject) objects

Objects – images, memories, and values of significant others

23
Q

The “Neo-Freudians”: Departures from Freudian thought

A

De-emphasized the sexual core of Freud’s theory

Jung, Adler, Horney, Fromm, and Erickson

24
Q

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy is?

A

the talking cure

25
Q

what arehidden intrapsychic conflicts

A

“The real problems”

26
Q

is there a lot of evidence supporting the effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy (talking)?

A

no

27
Q

who is a major play in the humanistic theory?

A

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

28
Q

what are the major themes of humanistic theory?

A

People are basically good

Humans strive toward self-actualization

29
Q

classical conditioning and the behavior model are best known by__ and ___

A

Pavlov and Watson

30
Q

how does Operant conditioning work?

A

Reinforcement
Another ubiquitous form of learning
Voluntary behavior is controlled by consequences

31
Q

Who was an early pioneer of behavior therapy?

A

Joseph Wolpe – systematic desensitization

32
Q

Is there strong evidence supporting behavior therapy?

A

Strong evidence supporting the efficacy of behavior therapies

33
Q

Unidimensional accounts of psychopathology are

A

incomplete.

34
Q

Defining abnormal behavior is a ___, ____, and ____ process

A

Complex, multifaceted, and has evolved

35
Q

The supernatural tradition

A

Has no place in a science of abnormal behavior

36
Q

is there a single definition of psychological normality?

A

no

37
Q

what three criteria must be present to define a psychological disorder?

A

psychological dysfunction
distress or impairment
atypical response

38
Q

definePsychological dysfunction

A

Breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning

39
Q

define personal distress

A

Difficulty performing appropriate and expected rolesImpairment is set in the context of a person’s background

40
Q

define atypical or not culturally expected response.

A

Reaction is outside cultural norms

41
Q

define abnormal behavior.

A

A psychological dysfunction associated with distress or impairment in functioning that is not typical or culturally expected

42
Q

what is the field of psychopathology

A

The scientific study of psychological disorders

43
Q

who make upMental health professionals

A

The Ph.D.: Clinical and counseling psychologist
The Psy.D.: Clinical and counseling “Doctor of Psychology”
The Ed.D.: Clinical and counseling “Doctor of Education
M.D.: Psychiatrist
Psychiatric social worker
Psychiatric nurse
Family therapists

44
Q

what does a scientist practitioner do?

A

Stays current with research in field
Evaluates own assessment and treatment
Conducts research

45
Q

Three major categories make up the study and discussion of psychological disorders.

A

Focus:
Clinical Description
Causation (etiology)
Treatment and outcome

46
Q

what is included in a clinical description?

A

Begins with the presenting problem
Description aims to:
Distinguish clinically significant dysfunction from common human experience
Describe prevalence and incidence of disordersDescribe onset of disorders
Acute vs. insidious onset
Describe course of disorders
Episodic, time-limited, or chronic course
PrognosisBegins with the presenting problem

47
Q

what is included in causation, treatment, and outcome

A

Etiology
What contributes to the development of psychopathology?
Treatment development
How can we help alleviate psychological suffering?
Includes pharmacologic, psychosocial, and/or combined treatmentsTreatment outcome research
How do we know that we have helped?
Limited in specifying actual causes of disorders

48
Q

Historical Conceptions of Abnormal Behavior

A

Major psychological disorders have existed in all cultures and across all time periods.
Causes and treatment of abnormal behavior vary widely across cultures, time periods, world views.

49
Q

what are 3 historical conceptions of abnormal behavior over the years?

A

Three dominant traditions
Supernatural
Biological
Psychological

50
Q

Mass hysteria

examples

A

Saint Vitus’s Dance and Tarantism

51
Q

Modern Mass hysteria examples

A

Emotion contagion

Mob psychology

52
Q

The moon and the stars

and abnormal behavior

A

Paracelsus and lunacy

Abnormal Psychology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions