Chapter 2

Question 1

Fertile Crescent

Answer 1

An arc of land from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf

Question 2

Tigris and Euphrates rivers

Answer 2

Mesopotamia is between these rivers These rivers often overflow and leave silt, which makes the soil rich for agriculture

Question 3

Sumerians

Answer 3

Developed the first Mesopotamian civilization

Question 4

Cuneiform

Answer 4

Sumerians created a system of writing (“wedge-shaped”)

Question 5

Hieroglyphics

Answer 5

(“Priest-carvings”) Which used pictures and abstract forms

Question 6

Ziggurat

Answer 6

A massive stepped tower

Question 7

Pyramids

Answer 7

A structure built to serve as a tomb for the great pharaohs. They included the pharaohs’s most prized possessions.

Question 8

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 8

One of the world’s most important early systems of law Harsh punishment and against criminals

Question 9

The Epic of Gilgamesh

Answer 9

The most important piece of Mesopotamian literature, teaches the lesson that only the gods are immortal Gilgamesh is wise and strong Part human, part god

Question 10

Ancient Egypt

Answer 10

Mesopotamia middle east North of Africa

Question 11

Pharaoh

Answer 11

Egyptian rulers

Question 12

Dynasty

Answer 12

Family of rulers

Question 13

Mesopotamia

Answer 13

Is at the eastern end of the fertile crescent​ Between Tigris and Euphrates, shaped like a fertile crescent.

Question 14

Akhenaten

Answer 14

Tried to make Egyptians monotheistic and worship only the sun god His religious reforms caused upheavals that led to the Egyptians to lose their empire

Question 15

Old Kingdom

Answer 15

2700 to 2200 B.C. ​ An age of prosperity and splendor. Monarchs were powerful rulers over a unified state. Pyramids were built in this age.

Question 16

Middle Kingdom

Answer 16

2050 to 1652 B.C. ​ A golden age-an age of stability, the pharaohs in the Middle Kingdom were seen as a shepherds and he had to build public works and provide public welfare.

Question 17

The New Kingdom

Answer 17

1567 to 1085 B.C. Egypt created an empire and became the most powerful state in Southwest Asia. Wealth grew and pharaohs showed their wealth by building new temples.

Question 18

Nile River

Answer 18

Running over 4,000 miles, the longest river in the world Lower-Upper Egypt

Question 19

Sumerians and Egyptians

Answer 19

Sumerians:

• Polytheistic
• Cuneiform
• Ziggurat
• Tigris and Eurphrates
• Afterlife = dark and gloomy

Egyptians:

• Polytheistic
• Hieroglyphics
• Pyramids
• Nile River
• Afterlife = happy

Question 20

Tutankhamen

Answer 20

After Akhenaton’s death, the boy-pharaoh Tut restored the old gods and polytheism