Chapter 2

Question 1

a basic assessment of a person’s overall health and personal fitness

Answer 1

medical screening

Question 2

a medical condition in which a person’s ratio of body fat to lean muscle mass is excessively high

Answer 2

obesity

Question 3

a disease that is ongoing.

Answer 3

chronic disease

Question 4

a disease in which small airways of the lungs become narrowed, making it difficult to breathe

Answer 4

asthma

Question 5

a condition that occurs when muscle fibers from the intestine protrude through the wall of the abdomen

Answer 5

hernia

Question 6

a record of past health problems and illnesses

Answer 6

medical history

Question 7

who are medical screenings most important to?

Answer 7

people who have poor lifestyle habits and people who are over 40 and overweight people

Question 8

how often should we (16 to 34 year olds) get a medical screening?

Answer 8

every two years

Question 9

what does a medical screening consist of?

Answer 9

o	A complete blood count, or CBC
o	Your height and weight
o	An examination of your eyes, ears, nose, and throat
o	Your blood pressure
o	An examination of your lungs and heart

Question 10

the body’s ability to balance he amounts of fluid taken in with the amount lost through perspiration or excretion

Answer 10

fluid balance

Question 11

body fluid loss

Answer 11

dehydration

Question 12

muscle spasms resulting from the loss of large amount of salt (or electrolytes) and water through perspiration

Answer 12

heat cramps

Question 13

an overheating of the body resulting in cold, clammy symptoms of shock

Answer 13

heat exhaustion

Question 14

a condition in which the body can no longer rid itself of heat through

Answer 14

heatstroke

Question 15

the process of allowing your body to adapt slowly to weather

Answer 15

acclimatization

Question 16

restore lost water

Answer 16

rehydrate

Question 17

a scientific measure of the combined effects of heat and humidity on the body

Answer 17

heat-stress index

Question 18

a condition in which your body temperature drops below normal

Answer 18

hypothermia

Question 19

tissue damage from freezing

Answer 19

frostbite

Question 20

the combined influence of wind and temperature on the body

Answer 20

wind-chill factor

Question 21

what is the order of the heat-related injuries? from least to greatest.

Answer 21

o Heat cramp
o Heat exhaustion
o Heatstroke

Question 22

what are heat exhaustion symptoms?

Answer 22

o	Weakness
o	Headache
o	Rapid pulse
o	Stomach discomfort
o	Dizziness
o	Heavy sweating
o	Drop in body weight

Question 23

what are heatstroke symptoms?

Answer 23

o Very high body temperature
o Rapid pulse
o Loss of consciousness

Question 24

how do you avoid heat related injuries?

Answer 24

o Before: consume between 1 and a half to two and a half cups of cool water or sports drink 10 to 20 minutes before exercising in the heat.
o During: attempt to match fluid loss with fluid intake.
o After: drink 2 cups of water for every pound lost

Question 25

what are other potential environmental factors that pose a risk?

Answer 25

o Air pollution o Altitude o Unleashed dogs

Question 26

the normal motion of the foot as you walk or run, from the outside of the heel striking the ground through the normal inward roll of the foot.

Answer 26

pronation

Question 27

the normal outward roll of the foot as it hits the ground.

Answer 27

supination

Question 28

the part of the shoe that surrounds the toes.

Answer 28

toe box

Question 29

what type of shoe should you have to significantly reduce risk of injury?

Answer 29

nonskid

Question 30

what must you mostly always wear?

Answer 30

a helmet

Question 31

what percent is the likelihood of a head injury reduced is you are wearing a helmet?

Answer 31

85%

Question 32

the study and the application of principles of physics to human motion. (the how)

Answer 32

biomechanics

Question 33

bands of connective tissue that connects muscles to bones

Answer 33

tendons

Question 34

bands of tissue that connect bone to bone and limit the movement of joints

Answer 34

ligaments

Question 35

the tissue that surrounds the ends of bones at a joint to prevent the bones from rubbing against each other.

Answer 35

cartilage

Question 36

inflamation of a tendon or muscle in the leg

Answer 36

shinsplints

Question 37

a pull or rip in a muscle or tendon

Answer 37

strain

Question 38

a tear of a ligament

Answer 38

sprain

Question 39

o Rest o Ice o Compress o Elevate

Answer 39

R.I.C.E

Question 40

a break in the bone caused by overuse

Answer 40

stress fracture

Question 41

what are the biomechanics of jogging?

Answer 41

o Start slowly o Breathe deeply through your nose and mouth o Relax your fingers o Bend your elbows o Swing your arms straight rather than across

Question 42

any unnecessary or improper use of a chemical substance for non medical purposes

Answer 42

substance abuse

Question 43

physical and mental dependance

Answer 43

addiction

Question 44

tobacco sniffed through the nose or chewed

Answer 44

smokeless bobacco

Question 45

chemicals similar in structure to the male hormone testosterone.

Answer 45

anabolic staroids

Question 46

cigarettes contain about how many poisonous chemicals?

Answer 46

40+