Chapter 2 Flashcards
Who is the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
Why does Freud use biological causes to explain mental disfunction?
Because he was originally trained as a medical doctor
The origin and nature of the _________ is created primarily by childhood experience through depression
Unconscious
What states that impulses for pleasure are often accompanied by painful thoughts because pleasure would violate the moral restrictions we’ve learned
Hedonic Hypothesis
What proposes that underlying psychological factors cause symptoms and other behavior?
Psychic Determinism
What are the three levels of consciousness?
Conscious, Preconscious, and Unconscious
What are the experiences of which a person is aware? Includes memories and intentional actions
Conscious
What is material that’s not in awareness at a particular time and can be brought to awareness readily? For ex. your moms birthday
Preconscious
What is the mental process of which a person isn’t aware? This material is kept there because it would cause too much anxiety.
Unconscious
What are the three structures of personality?
ID, Ego, and Superego
What is hedonistic and aims to satisfy urges, which reduce tension and bring pleasure?
ID
What is psychic energy?
Libido
What adapts to the constraints of the real world?
Ego
What is an informal representative of rules and restrictions of family and society?
Super Ego
What is the most healthy defense mechanism?
Sublimation
What states that repression requires energy and the more energy tied up in the conflict the less energy is available for dealing with the current reality?
Energy Hypothesis
What signals that the ego is failing?
Anxiety
What deals with anxiety?
Defense Mechanisms
What is the primitive way not acknowledging painful aspects of reality?
Denial
What is shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person?
Displacement
What means people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others?
Projection
What term offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reason for ones action?
Rationalization
What is the process of borrowing or merging one’s identity with that of someone else?
Identification
What does it mean to find a socially acceptable aim and object for the expression of an unacceptable impulse? This may be expressed in art and occupation.
Sublimation
What are the mouth, anus, and genitalia a part of?
the Erogenous Zones
Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital are a part of what stages?
Psychosexual Stages
What is from age 0-1, focused on the mouth, receives reality by swallowing what’s good and spitting out what’s bad, and develops character traits?
Oral Stage
Conflicts, such as not being able to wean a baby properly, can produce what?
Pessimism (depression)
What is from age 2-3, pleasure experienced from anus, and conflicted by toiled training?
Anal Stage
What means organized and controlled bile movements?
Anal Retentive
What means messy and disorganized bile movements?
Anal Expulsive
What is from age 3-5 and focused on the genital zone? Masturbation serves as an expression of sexual desire and fantasy of a potential partner.
Phallic Stage
What is the calming of sexual impulses?
Latency
What occurs during puberty and focuses on sexuality?
Genital Stage
What is made up of love and work? “Where ID was, there shall EGO be”
Psychoanalytic Treatment
What means that the patient says whatever comes to mind, permitting unconscious connects to be discovered?
Free Association
What is the effect of the release of emotion when previously repressed material is made conscious?
Catharsis
What is the clients displacement of feelings based on earlier experiences with the therapist?
Transference
What is the controversial technique used to treat patients?
Recovered Memory
What showed subliminal psychodynamic activation?
Silverman’s Studies
What are alternative explanations for the unconscious?
Unconscious Cognition
