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Theories of Personality > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the father of psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

Why does Freud use biological causes to explain mental disfunction?

A

Because he was originally trained as a medical doctor

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3
Q

The origin and nature of the _________ is created primarily by childhood experience through depression

A

Unconscious

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4
Q

What states that impulses for pleasure are often accompanied by painful thoughts because pleasure would violate the moral restrictions we’ve learned

A

Hedonic Hypothesis

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5
Q

What proposes that underlying psychological factors cause symptoms and other behavior?

A

Psychic Determinism

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6
Q

What are the three levels of consciousness?

A

Conscious, Preconscious, and Unconscious

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7
Q

What are the experiences of which a person is aware? Includes memories and intentional actions

A

Conscious

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8
Q

What is material that’s not in awareness at a particular time and can be brought to awareness readily? For ex. your moms birthday

A

Preconscious

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9
Q

What is the mental process of which a person isn’t aware? This material is kept there because it would cause too much anxiety.

A

Unconscious

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10
Q

What are the three structures of personality?

A

ID, Ego, and Superego

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11
Q

What is hedonistic and aims to satisfy urges, which reduce tension and bring pleasure?

A

ID

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12
Q

What is psychic energy?

A

Libido

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13
Q

What adapts to the constraints of the real world?

A

Ego

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14
Q

What is an informal representative of rules and restrictions of family and society?

A

Super Ego

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15
Q

What is the most healthy defense mechanism?

A

Sublimation

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16
Q

What states that repression requires energy and the more energy tied up in the conflict the less energy is available for dealing with the current reality?

A

Energy Hypothesis

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17
Q

What signals that the ego is failing?

A

Anxiety

18
Q

What deals with anxiety?

A

Defense Mechanisms

19
Q

What is the primitive way not acknowledging painful aspects of reality?

A

Denial

20
Q

What is shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person?

A

Displacement

21
Q

What means people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others?

A

Projection

22
Q

What term offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reason for ones action?

A

Rationalization

23
Q

What is the process of borrowing or merging one’s identity with that of someone else?

A

Identification

24
Q

What does it mean to find a socially acceptable aim and object for the expression of an unacceptable impulse? This may be expressed in art and occupation.

A

Sublimation

25
Q

What are the mouth, anus, and genitalia a part of?

A

the Erogenous Zones

26
Q

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital are a part of what stages?

A

Psychosexual Stages

27
Q

What is from age 0-1, focused on the mouth, receives reality by swallowing what’s good and spitting out what’s bad, and develops character traits?

A

Oral Stage

28
Q

Conflicts, such as not being able to wean a baby properly, can produce what?

A

Pessimism (depression)

29
Q

What is from age 2-3, pleasure experienced from anus, and conflicted by toiled training?

A

Anal Stage

30
Q

What means organized and controlled bile movements?

A

Anal Retentive

31
Q

What means messy and disorganized bile movements?

A

Anal Expulsive

32
Q

What is from age 3-5 and focused on the genital zone? Masturbation serves as an expression of sexual desire and fantasy of a potential partner.

A

Phallic Stage

33
Q

What is the calming of sexual impulses?

A

Latency

34
Q

What occurs during puberty and focuses on sexuality?

A

Genital Stage

35
Q

What is made up of love and work? “Where ID was, there shall EGO be”

A

Psychoanalytic Treatment

36
Q

What means that the patient says whatever comes to mind, permitting unconscious connects to be discovered?

A

Free Association

37
Q

What is the effect of the release of emotion when previously repressed material is made conscious?

A

Catharsis

38
Q

What is the clients displacement of feelings based on earlier experiences with the therapist?

A

Transference

39
Q

What is the controversial technique used to treat patients?

A

Recovered Memory

40
Q

What showed subliminal psychodynamic activation?

A

Silverman’s Studies

41
Q

What are alternative explanations for the unconscious?

A

Unconscious Cognition

Theories of Personality (6 decks)

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