Chapter 2+3 Test Revision

Question 1

What types of compensation are available for secondary victims?

Answer 1

Up to $50,000 for:

• Medical costs
• Counselling
• Loss of income (in special cases only)
• Other tribunal-approved expenses

Question 2

Types of compensation for related victims?

Answer 2

Up to $50,000 for:

• Medical costs
• Counselling
• Funeral costs
• Any loss of income from the death of the deceased

Question 3

What are the aims of criminal sanctions?

Answer 3

• To punish (so victims and families can seek retribution without taking law into their own hands)
• To protect (society as a whole)
• To deter (the offender and others in society to commit the same or similar offences)
• To denunciate (gives harsh sentences to set an example)
• To rehabilitate

Question 4

What makes sanctions effective?

Answer 4

Criminal sanctions must be:

• Appropriate to the severity of the crime committed
• Appropriate for the offender
• Acceptable to the community
• Able to fulfil the aims of criminal sanctions

Question 5

List some factors that influence crime rates.

Answer 5

• Unemployment rates
• Density of population
• Age of the population
• Stability of the government
• Strong police force or a change in law enforcement approaches
• New laws or sanctions that are likely to deter offenders
• Racial tensions
• Poverty
• Incidence of gangs
• Alcohol consumption
• Mental health issues
• Family breakdowns
• Level of reporting of crime by individuals

Question 6

What is a recidivist?

Answer 6

A person who continually commits crimes despite being punished for them.

Question 7

What factors INCREASE the likelihood of recidivism after being sentences in the Magistrate’s Court (know 5)?

Answer 7

• Having previous sentences
• Age (under 25 means more likely)
• Gender (males are more likely)
• Type of crime (crimes against property are more likely to be recommitted)
• People who were imprisoned rather than fines were more likely

Question 8

What types of compensation are available for primary victims?

Answer 8

Up to $60,000 for:

• Medical costs
• Loss of income
• Replacement of clothing worn at time of the attack
• Other tribunal-approved expenses