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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2-3 > Flashcards

Chapter 2-3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Integumentary System

A

Composed of skin, nails, and glands. Forms a protective covering for the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D.

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2
Q

Respiratory System

A

Composed of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs. Performs respiration which provides the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body.

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3
Q

Urinary System

A

Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Removes waste material from the body.

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4
Q

Reproductive System

A

Female- ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. Male - testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland, and associated tubes. Responsible for hereditary and reproduction.

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5
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Composed of heart and blood vessels. Pumps and transports blood throughout the body.

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6
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides for defense against infection and drainage of extracellular fluid.

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7
Q

Digestive System

A

Composed of gastrointestinal tract which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine plus accessory organs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Prepares food for use by the body cells and eliminates waste.

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8
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

Composed of muscle, bones, and joints. Provides movement and framework for the body, protects vital organs such as the brain, stores calcium, and produces red blood cells.

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9
Q

Nervous System

A

Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Regulates body activities by sending and receiving messages.

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10
Q

Endocrine System

A

Composed of glands that secrete hormones. Hormones regulate many body activities.

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11
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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12
Q

Cyto

A

Cell

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13
Q

Lipo

A

Fat

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14
Q

Onc/o

A

Tumor

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15
Q

Blood vessels composed of?

A

Capillaries, Veins, Arteries.

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16
Q

Anatomy

A

Location of organs

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17
Q

Physiology

A

Function of organs

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18
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue

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19
Q

Melan/o

A

Black

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20
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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21
Q

Neuro

A

Nerve

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22
Q

Organ/o

A

Organ

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23
Q

System/o

A

System

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24
Q

Path/o

A

Disease

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25
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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26
Q

Xanth/o

A

Yellow

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27
Q

Viscer/o

A

Internal Organ

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28
Q

Cancer/o

A

Cancer

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29
Q

Eti/o

A

Cause

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30
Q

Iatr/o

A

Physician/Medicine

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31
Q

Somat/o

A

Body

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32
Q

Leuk

A

White

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33
Q

Dys

A

Painful, abnormal

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34
Q

Hyper

A

Above

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35
Q

Hypo

A

Below

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36
Q

Meta

A

After, beyond, change

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37
Q

Neo

A

New

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38
Q

Pro

A

Before

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39
Q

-Al, -ic, -ous

A

Pertaining to

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40
Q

Cyte

A

Cell

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41
Q

Logist

A

One who studies and treats

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42
Q

Logy

A

Study of

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43
Q

Megaly

A

Enlargement

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44
Q

Oma

A

Tumor, swelling

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45
Q

Osis

A

Abnormal condition

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46
Q

Pathy

A

Disease

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47
Q

Plasia

A

Condition of formation, development, growth

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48
Q

Sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor

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49
Q

Adenocarcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue

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50
Q

Adenoma

A

Tumor composed of glandular tissue(benign)

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51
Q

Carcinoma

A

(Malignant) cancerous tumor

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52
Q

Lipoma

A

Tumor composed of fat(benign tumor)

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53
Q

Liposarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of fat

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54
Q

Melanocarcinoma

A

cancerous black tumor(malignant)

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55
Q

Melanoma

A

Black tumor

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56
Q

Myoma

A

Tumor composed of muscle (benign)

57
Q

Neoplasm

A

New growth

58
Q

Neuroma

A

Tumor composed of nerve (benign)

59
Q

Cytology

A

Study of cells

60
Q

Dysplasia

A

Abnormal development

61
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell

62
Q

Erythrocytosis

A

Increase in the number of RBC

63
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissue

64
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Excessive development

65
Q

Hypoplasia

A

Incomplete development

66
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell

67
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Increase in the number of WBC

68
Q

Myopathy

A

Disease of the muscle

69
Q

Organomegaly

A

Enlargement of an organ

70
Q

Somatic

A

Pertaining to the body

71
Q

Somatogenic

A

Originating in the body

72
Q

Somatopathy

A

disease of the body

73
Q

Systemic

A

Pertaining to a body system

74
Q

Visceral

A

Pertaining to the internal organs

75
Q

Cancerous

A

Pertaining to cancer

76
Q

Carcinogen

A

Substance that causes cancer

77
Q

Cyanosis

A

abnormal condition of blue

78
Q

Diagnosis (Dx)

A

State of complete knowledge

79
Q

Etiology

A

Study of causes(of diseases)

80
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Produced by a physician

81
Q

Metastasis

A

Beyond control

82
Q

Oncologist

A

Physician who studies and treats (malignant) tumors

83
Q

Oncology

A

Study of tumors

84
Q

Pathologist

A

Physician who studies diseases

85
Q

Pathology

A

Study of disease

86
Q

Xanthosis

A

abnormal condition of yellow

87
Q

Benign

A

Not malignant, favorable for recovery

88
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

Cancer in the early stage before invading surrounding tissue

89
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Treatment of cancer with drugs

90
Q

Exacerbation

A

Increase in severity of a disease or its symptoms

91
Q

Hospice

A

Provides palliative support of care for terminally ill patients and their families

92
Q

Idiopathic

A

Pertaining to disease of unknown origin

93
Q

Inflammation

A

Localized protective response to injury characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

94
Q

In vitro

A

Within a glass, observable in a test tube

95
Q

In vivo

A

Within the living body

96
Q

Malginant

A

Tending to become progressively worse and to cause death

97
Q

Morbidity

A

State of being disease or unwell

98
Q

Mortality

A

State of being mortal(Death)

99
Q

Palliative

A

Providing relief but not cure

100
Q

Radiation Therapy

A

Treatment of cancer with a radioactive substance, x-ray, or radiation.

101
Q

Remission

A

Improvement or absence of signs of disease

102
Q

CA

A

Carcinoma

103
Q

Chemo

A

Chemotherapy

104
Q

Dx

A

Diagnosis

105
Q

Mets

A

Metastases

106
Q

Px

A

Prognosis

107
Q

RBC

A

Red blood cell

108
Q

XRT

A

Radiation Therapy

109
Q

WBC

A

White blood cell

110
Q

Cephalad

A

Toward the head

111
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to a side

112
Q

Unilateral

A

Pertaining to one side(only)

113
Q

Distal

A

Pertaining to away

114
Q

Proximal

A

Pertaining to near

115
Q

Superior

A

Pertaining to above

116
Q

Caudal

A

Pertaining to the tail

117
Q

Cephalic

A

Pertaining to the head

118
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaining to the front

119
Q

Posterior

A

Pertaining to the back

120
Q

Dorsal

A

Pertaining to the back

121
Q

Ventral

A

Pertaining to the belly(front)

122
Q

Anteroposterior

A

Pertaining to the front and back

123
Q

Posteroanterior

A

Pertaining to the back and to the front

124
Q

Frontal or Coronal

A

Vertical plane passing through the body from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior

125
Q

Midsaggital

A

Vertical plane passing through the body from front to back at the midline, dividing the body equally into right and left halves

126
Q

Transverse

A

Horizontal plane dividing the body int superior and inferior portions

127
Q

Lithotomy position

A

Lying on back with legs raises and feet in stirrups, hips and knees flexed, thighs abducted and externally rotated

128
Q

Fowler Position

A

Semi-sitting position with slight elevation of knees

129
Q

Prone Position

A

Lying on abdomen, facing downward

130
Q

Sims Position

A

Lying on on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the back.

131
Q

Supine Position

A

Lying on back, facing upward

132
Q

Trendelenburg Position

A

Lying on back with body tilted so that the head is lower than the feet

133
Q

Abdominopelvic Regions

A

Right Hypochondriac - Epigastric - Left Hypochondriac
Right Lumbar - Umbilical - Left Lumbar
Right iliac - Hypogastric - Left iliac

134
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

135
Q

LLQ

A

Left lower quadrant

136
Q

LUQ

A

Left upper quadrant

137
Q

PA

A

Posteroanterior

138
Q

RLQ

A

Right lower quadrant

139
Q

RUQ

A

Right upper quadrant

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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