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Intro to Psychology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Neural Impulses

A

Electrical

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2
Q

How does a nerve impulse work?
A) Within
B) Outside

A

A) electrical

B) chemical

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3
Q

Acetylcholine

Antagonist and Agonist?

A

only neurotransmitter passed between motor neurons and voluntary muscles, plays a role in muscle learning/memory, antagonist: anesthesia, agonist: nicotine

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4
Q

Dopamine

A

involved in movement, learning, and emotion.
Schizophrenia: too much dopamine
Parkinsons: not enough dopamine

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5
Q

GABA - gamma aminobutyric acid

A

inhibitory effect on anxiety
when you get super anxious GABA calms you down
people with anxiety disorders don’t have enough GABA

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6
Q

Norepinephrine

A

derived from adrenaline
involved in eating, sleep, arousal, and emotion
when serotonin and norepinephrine is what is found in people who have a major depressive disorder

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7
Q

Endorphins

A

reduces pain, gives you feelings of pressure, released when exercise, released when laugh
Agonist: morphine
when your body gets a drug that is getting endorphins from the drug your body goes through withdrawal and stops to naturally create the chemical

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8
Q

Nitric Oxide

A

deadly to pathogens

responsible for the formation of memories and penis erections

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9
Q

Sensory neurons

A

carry messages from the bodys sensory receptors TO the brain and spinal cord

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10
Q

Motor Neurons

A

carry instructions from the CNS TO the muscles

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11
Q

Interneurons

A

within brain and spinal cord

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12
Q

sympathetic division

A

(when you’re scared, increases heart rate, increases adrenaline, you get sweaty)

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13
Q

parasympathetic division

A

(calms everything down, slows down heart rate, decreases rate of breathing)

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14
Q

CAT scan

A

computerized axial tomography

x-rays of your brain from many different angles and from the computer putting together a vivid picture of the brain

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15
Q

MRI scan

A

magnetic resonance imaging

using magnetic fields to shoot pictures of the brain

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16
Q

PET scan

A

positron emission tomography
a picture of brain activity
shoot in some sugar so you see where in the brain is working

17
Q

fMRI

A

functional magnetic resonance imaging
structure and activity
multiple MRIs taken a fraction of a second apart from each other to see the activity in the brain overtime

18
Q

Hindbrain

A

cerebellum
motor memory
medulla
pons

19
Q

Midbrain

A

reticular formation
a kind of net running over midbrain
alerts forebrain when info relevant to survival needs to be processed

20
Q

Forebrain

A

Lymbic System
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Cerebrum

21
Q

Limbic system

A

amygdala: responsible for feelings of aggression, and fear
hippocampus: formation of new memories and keep them as long term
what was messed up in 50 first dates

22
Q

Thalamus

A

handles incoming and outgoing sensory info

23
Q

Hypothalamus

A

regulates basic needs such as hunger, thirst, body temp, sexual behavior

24
Q

Cerebrum

A

two hemispheres

right and left connected by corpus callosum

25
Q

Occipital

A

visual signals sent and processed, lower back of skull

26
Q

Temporal

A

connected to auditory signals and hearing (ears)

used to recognize faces

27
Q

Parietal

A

sense of touch
monitors your body’s position in space
if your eyes were closed, and you were upside down you would know that because of this parietal lobe
math and spatial reasoning

28
Q

Frontal

A

judgement
processing new memories
precise movements like moving your fingers

29
Q

Right Hemisphere

A 
controls left side of body
recognizes faces
expressing emotion
music
copying drawings
directions in terms of spacial directions
30
Q

Left Hemisphere

A 
controls right side of body
language
logic
memory
planning
31
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Band of tissue that connects the right and left hemisphere

32
Q

What are the Midbrain and Hindbrain responsible for?

A

functions like breathing and heart stuff

33
Q

Can severe brain and spinal cord neurons regenerate?

A

No, if they are lost they are lost forever

34
Q

The brain also shows plasticity

A

ability to change by re-organizing and building new pathways based on experience
the brain can adapt by assigning other areas of the brain to take over for the damaged areas

35
Q

Endocrine System

A

sends out messages via hormone

Intro to Psychology (4 decks)

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