Chapter 2

Question 0

Parliamentary

Answer 0

No separation of powers because prime minister is a member of parliament
No division of powers-only have national govt

Question 1

Our constitution is

Answer 1

The oldest
One of the shortest
Most adaptable -many countries rewrite their constitutions, one of the best things about our const

Question 2

Presidential

Answer 2

Separation of powers
Policy responsibility is harder to identify
More divided political parties
Less success with comprehensive policies (policies that include many things such as natl health care)

Question 3

Checks and balances

Answer 3

• Political parties–divided govt
• Greater participation by electorate
• Bureaucratic agencies- EPA-can severely limit parts of laws effects
• Independent reg agencies-check up on Congress’s laws
• Media
• Greater presidential powers

Question 4

Federalist #10

Answer 4

Warning about factions

States the best way to control factions is with a large republic

Question 5

Original constitution was less democratic because

Answer 5

Citizens didn’t vote for senate
Limited suffrage, now women or blacks
No election guidelines set up by constitution➡️left up to the states

Question 6

Constitutional interpretation

Answer 6

•1790s➡️who was supposed to interpret?

Jefferson and Madison argued that it should be up to the states➡️➡️➡️STATE COMPACT THEORY

Question 7

Marbury vs Madison

Answer 7

1803
Marshal essentially said because I just used judicial review the supreme courts job now includes judicial review
CREATED JUDICIAL REVIEW FOR JUDICIAL BRANCH

Question 8

McCulloch vs Maryland

Answer 8

1819
Involved the natl bank which Maryland was trying to tax
Necessary and proper➡️could congress create natl banks
Supremacy➡️state vs federal
Necessary and proper fits so bank is good and therefore by supremacy the states can’t counteract it
IMPLIED POWERS

Question 9

Implied powers

Answer 9

Came out of the McCullough vs Maryland decision

Implied powers must be directly tied to expressed powers

Question 10

Voting rights amendments

Answer 10

15(vote despite race)
17 (vote for senate)
19(women vote)
23 (DC electoral votes)
24 (no poll tax) 
26 (voting age 18)
Voting rights act of 1965

Question 11

Originalism

Answer 11

Founders’ words/meanings

Narrow limited interpretation of constitution

Question 12

Adaptive/modernism

Answer 12

Opposite of Originalism

Interprets constitution through 21st century eyes

Question 13

Impeachment

Answer 13

Sometimes is politically motivated

Impeached➡️Clinton and Andrew Johnson

Question 14

Executive order

Answer 14

Law like without need of congress➡️subject to judicial review
Informal amendment

Question 15

Executive agreement

Answer 15

Treaty without need of senate
Informal amendment
Not in constitution

Question 16

Executive privilege

Answer 16

Not in constitution
Informal amend
President can keep secrets from congress
Began with Washington

Question 17

Impoundment

Answer 17

Statement by president to with hold money
Nixon did it a lot
Budget and impoundment control act➡️made it very hard for pres to do impoundment

Question 18

Customs/usage

Answer 18

Changed govt or the way the govt runs
without laws
Ex cabinet–just cause Washington had one

Question 19

Formal amendment process

To propose

Answer 19

2/3 state conventions

2/3 congress➡️only one that has been used

Question 20

Reasons why state conventions aren’t generally used to propose amendments

Answer 20

No set rules for conventions
No changing the amendment
Citizens are involved who have no political pressure

Question 21

To ratify formal amendments

Answer 21

3/4 state legislators➡️used to ratify 26 amendments
Or
3/4 state conventions➡️used for amendment 21 (repealed prohibition)