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AP Government > Ch3 Federalism > Flashcards

Ch3 Federalism Flashcards

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0
Q

2000 same sex marriage

A

Vermont recognized civil unions

But weren’t recognized legally in other states

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1
Q

DOMA

A

1996
Defense of marriage act
Allowed federal government to ignore ssm even if states had allowed it

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2
Q

Prop 8

A

2009 California law

Taken to Supreme Court and court said person who appealed couldn’t so the case died

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3
Q

States passed ssm

A

2010-2012 and Vermont did it in 2009

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4
Q

2013 DOMA decision

A

Ruled unconstitutional
Big federalist decison of our time
State vs state
Full faith and credit

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5
Q

Important aspects of federalism

A
  • decreases growth of tyranny
  • unity without uniformity
  • encourages experimentation
  • training future leaders-presidents were governors
  • govt close to people
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6
Q

Downsides to federalism

A
  • tough time dealing with national emergencies (hurricane Katrina)
  • accountability-who’s responsibility is who’s
  • no uniformity-conflict-supremacy
  • redundancy inefficiency
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7
Q

Dual federalism

A
  • layer cake
  • beginning to civil war
  • natl and state had their own jobs and left each other alone
  • national government only really did foreign policy and defense
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8
Q

Fletcher vs Peck

A

Supreme Court ruled state law unconstitutional

First time this was done

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9
Q

Election of 1800

A

-first two presidents were fans of strong natl govt
-Jefferson was a fan of states having powers
-Jefferson let states do pretty much anything
⭐️small cause of civl war

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10
Q

Gibbons vs Ogden

A

1824
-argument over trade in just NY
-Court said that’s Congress’s job to regulate because if the commerce in one state affects commerce in another state it’s interstate
-led to congress having the ability to regulate slavery
⭐️small cause of civil war

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11
Q

Jackson

A

Liberty=state economy control

Gave a lot of power back to the states

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12
Q

Progressive federalism

A

Civil war-Great Depression
More national laws and powers
-natl did laws in labor, business, more regulations on commerce, immigration, industry

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13
Q

Cooperative federalism

A

Marble cake
Great Depression-1961
National and state
New deal

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14
Q

Nullification

A

A state disregarding a federal law

No longer allowed

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15
Q

Grodzins

A

Came up with the name marble cake federalism

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16
Q

Creative federalism

A

1961-1969
JFK/LBJ
Intergovernment actions
-civil rights-conditional “you’ll do this or else”
-crossover sanctions-your performance in this area will affect another area

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17
Q

Heart of Atlanta hotel vs us

A

Motel owner wasn’t renting rooms to blacks
Increase in commerce power
Congress could control private business owners

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18
Q

Permissive federalism

A

Gave states some power but not too much

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19
Q

New fiscal federalism

A

Nixon
Impoundment
Used money as a tool/weapon

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20
Q

New regulatory federalism

A

Reagan
Used regulations to control states
Got rid of revenue sharing

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21
Q

Our federalism

A

Conservative judges on Supreme Court

10th amendment state>natl

22
Q

Reinventing federalism

A 
Clinton
Increased efficiency/responsiveness
Welfare reforms-1996
Natl money from welfare-states 
    -saved govt lots of money
23
Q

New federalism

A

Bush
Devolution revolution-gave power back to states
Laboratories of democracy
No child left behind

24
Q

Progressive/cooperative federalism

A

Obama

Policies left minimum standards

25
Q

Number of govt units and employees

A

90000 units and 22 million employees

26
Q

Constitutional foundations of federalism

A
  • expressed/implied
  • supremacy
  • 10th amendment
  • list of powers denied to both
27
Q

Inherent powers

A

Powers that govt just has

Immigration, presidential foreign powers

28
Q

Constitutional pillars of federalism

A
  • supremacy
  • war powers
  • commerce-interstate/foreign
  • tax spend
  • mandates
29
Q

Us vs Lopez

A

Gun free schools law, congress tried to back up with commerce but court said it wasn’t a close enough tie

30
Q

Types of mandates and examples

A

Funded
Unfunded
Americans with disabilities act

Unfunded mandate reform act of 1995
-doesn’t get rid of them but makes it a lot harder to do

31
Q

Interstate relations

A
  • full faith and credit
  • interstate privileges and immunities
  • interstate compacts
  • extradition
32
Q

Extradition

A

Commit a crime in CA and go to RI you get caught you’re sent back to CA for a trial

33
Q

Courts and federalism in the 1930s-1990s

A

Fairly liberal period since democratic presidents had appointed much of the court
Tended to side with congress during this time

34
Q

90s to now courts and federalism

A

More conservative court

35
Q

Current court is

A

5-conservatives
4-liberals
State focused

36
Q

Violence against women act

A

Struck down because national govt intruding into state powers

37
Q

Centrist v de centrist

A

Centrist-see const as enabling
Decentrist-see const as limiting
Big issues-gun control, welfare, education, immigration

38
Q

Preemption

A

The actual action of applying supremacy

39
Q

Types of preemption

A

Total-fed law replaces state law
Partial-optional, natl lays groundwork
Mandatory partial-here’s the law and you’re going to do it (clean air act)

40
Q

Grants

A

Money from natl govt handed off to states

41
Q

Reasons for grants

A
  • revenue for states
  • minimum standards
  • equalize resources
  • deal with natl problems without govt
42
Q

Categorical grants

A 
Narrowly defined 
Specific
Big 
Govt lays out parameters
Many strings attached
43
Q

Formula grants

A

Type of categorical

Uses a formula to determine aid

44
Q

Block grants

A

Not many strings attached

Welfare reforms of 1996

45
Q

Project grant

A

Received by smaller organizations
Not state wide
Similar to block grants
Not many strings attached

46
Q

Government action policy

A

States provide today and govt provides for tomorrow and vice versa

47
Q

Republicans

A

Favor states
Less regulations
“Laboratories”

48
Q

Democrats

A

Federal guidelines

National solutions

49
Q

Techniques of federal control

A

Direct orders
Cross cutting requirements
Crossover sanctions

50
Q

Cross cutting requirements

A

Something that’s not just in one area but cuts across several facets
Ex 1964 civil rights act

51
Q

Crossover sanctions

A

Here’s your money for one thing and you’ll get it after you do this
Reagan and drinking age

52
Q

Increase in federal control

A

Growth of nation
Industrialization
Infrastructure
Depression and WW II

53
Q

Once a federal program is created it’s hard

A

To get rid of
Sometimes policies are popular with people even though they’re dumb policies so when politicians try to remove them they get votes out of office

AP Government (7 decks)

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