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Government 2305 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are colonial political structures similar to England?

A
  1. Royal governors- served as substitutes for the kind in each individual colony
  2. Governor’s council- in each colony served as a mini House of Lords, with the most influential men in the colony serving effectively as high court
  3. General Assembly- the general assembly in each colony was elected directly by the qualified voters in each colony and served essentially as a House of Commons, passing ordinances and regulations that would govern the colony
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2
Q

Diverse histories and economies provided…?

A

Little incentive to join together to meet shared goals. Like the 13th colonies but with time this has changed.

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3
Q

The French and Indian War is known as…?

A

The turning point

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4
Q

What is The Treaty of Paris (1763)?

A

Britain wins territory from Arctic Ocean to Gulf of Mexico, between Atlantic Ocean and Mississippi. It was a strategic debt.

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5
Q

The Proclamation of 1763 restricted what?

A

Fur Trade

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6
Q

What is the Sugar Act of 1764?

A

It was the first law passed for the expense to raise money

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7
Q

What was the first law passed for the expense to raise money?

A

The Sugar Act of 1764

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8
Q

What is the Stamp Act?

A

Required payment on newspapers, pamphlet, almanacs, etc.

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9
Q

Who said “give me liberty, or give me death”?

A

Patrick Henry

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10
Q

What is the Tea Act of 1773?

A

Was passed to help the financially troubled British East India Company by relaxing export duties and allowing the company to sell its tea directly in the colonies

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11
Q

What is the Declaratory Act?

A

Asserted that the king and parliament had all authority to the colonists

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12
Q

Who is Thomas Paine?

A

Turning out to the point of Americans with common sense

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13
Q

What is the Declaration of Independence?

A

Authorized primarily by Thomas Jefferson, adopted on July 4, 1776, restated Locke’s theories of natural rights and social contract

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14
Q

The Declaration of Independence lists what?

A

Lists unalienable rights like life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

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15
Q

What is the authority of congress?

A

Wage war make peace, coin money, make treaties and alliances with other nations, operate a postal service, manage relations with native americans

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16
Q

What are the limitations of congress?

A

No power to raise troops, regulate commerce, or levy taxes, which left it independent on state legislatures

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17
Q

Annapolis Convention (1786)

A

Only 5 states sent delegates.
Called all states to attend a future convention to render the Constitution of the federal govt adequate to the exigencies

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18
Q

What was the original reason for Annapolis Convention of 1786?

A

The original reason was to discuss interstate commerce

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19
Q

What is the most significance result of Annapolis Convention of 1786?

A

To all 13 states to attend a convention in Philadelphia

20
Q

What is Shay’s Rebellion?

A

Message: weak and unresponsive govt carried the danger of disorder and violence

21
Q

In May 25, 1787 what state was absent?

A

Rhode Island

22
Q

Why did Rhode Island not attend the constitutional convention?

A

It was so opposed of the constitution that it refuse to go

23
Q

What were the primary concerns of the Constitution?

A
  1. Foreign Trade
  2. Economic Radicalism
  3. Protection against Native Americans violence
  4. Worsening postwar economic depression
24
Q

Who refused to attend the Constitutional Convention?

A

Patrick Henry

25
Q

What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

A

To discuss amendments

26
Q

What was the Virginia Plan?

A

A proposal known also as the “large states plan” that empowered three separate branches of govt, including a legislature with membership proportional to population.

27
Q

What is the New Jersey Plan?

A

A proposal known also as the “small states plan” that would have retained the Articles of Confederation’s principle of a legislature where states enjoyed equal representation.

28
Q

Who are our 2 U.S. Senators?

A

Ted Cruz and John Cornwell

29
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

5 slaves is the equivalent of three “free persons” for taxes and representation

30
Q

For at least how long was congress forbidden from banning slave importation?

A

At least 20 years

31
Q

The new Constitution said nothing about…?

A

Slavery

32
Q

What is Popular Sovereignty?

A

People are ultimately in charge

33
Q

What is Separation of Powers?

A

The principle that each branch of govt enjoys separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility

34
Q

What is Checks and Balances?

A

A system of limits imposed by the Constitution that gives each branch of government the limited right to change or cancel the acts of other branches

35
Q

Who are the Federalist?

A

Those who supported ratification of the proposed constitution of the United States between 1787 and 1789.

36
Q

What is Federalism?

A

Defining characteristics of the govt framework established by the new constitution

37
Q

What are Enumerated Powers?

A

Express powers explicitly granted by the Constitution, such as the taxing power specifically granted to Congress

38
Q

Some delegates believed that the constitution should be a “living” document, which meant what?

A

That it should have some measure of flexibility in order to meet the changing demands placed on it over time

39
Q

What did Baron de Montesquieu say about separation of powers?

A

No one could easily dominate the govt

40
Q

For the Bill of Rights, how many amendments were proposed?

A

12 were proposed, but 10 were ratified

41
Q

The Anti-Federalists’ most effective criticism was that…?

A

The new constitution lacked a bill of rights that explicitly protected citizens’ individual rights

42
Q

Why make the amendment process difficult?

A

The need to protect the Constitution from short lived or temporary passions

43
Q

How many amendments have been ratified since 1789?

A

27

44
Q

Loose Contruction

A

Marshall believed in it. Open-ended interpretations utilizing implied powers

45
Q

Strict Construction

A

A fixed constitution that can be changed only by formal amendment

Government 2305 (5 decks)

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