Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Linguistics 100A > Chapter 2 (2.1-2.5): Phonetics > Flashcards

Chapter 2 (2.1-2.5): Phonetics Flashcards

1
Q

phonetics

A

The inventory and structure of the sounds of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

phones

A

(speech sounds) are finite in any human language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

articulatory phonetics

A

the physiological mechanisms of speech production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

acoustic phonetics

A

measuring and analyzing the physical properties of the sound waves we produce when we speak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

International phonetic alphabet (IPA)

A

used for transcribing the sounds of speech, system that attempts to represent each sound of human speech with a single symbol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

segments

A

individual phones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

larynx

A

the sound source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vocal folds

A

set of muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

vocal tract

A

the filter for air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pharynx

A

tube between the larynx and oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lungs

A

the source of moving air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

intercostal muscles

A

muscles between the ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

diaphragm

A

sheet of muscle separating the chest cavity from abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

voiceless

A

when vocal folds are pulled apart and make practically no sound (f, s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

voiced

A

when vocal folds are brought close together but not tightly closed, air passing through causes them to vibrate to produce sound (v,z)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

whisper

A

the anterior vocal folds are pulled close together and posterior folds are pulled apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

murmur

A

(breathy voice) voiced but vocal folds are relaxed to allow air through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

natural classes

A

sounds of language being grouped based on phonetic properties that they share
(Basic division among sounds- vowels & consonants)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

glides

A

share properties of vowels and consonants (semivowel, semiconsonant), rapidly articulated vowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

consonants

A

made with a obstruction in the vocal tract (blocked or restricted) momentarily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

vowels

A

produced with little obstruction in the vocal tract, more sonorous (acoustically powerful) than consonants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

syllables

A

usually formed by the presence of a vowel (the peak of sonority)

23
Q

places of articulation

A

when airflow is modified in the vocal tract by an obstruction

24
Q

tongue and its 5 areas

A

primary articulating organ
5 areas: Tip- narrow, in the front
Blade- behind tip
Body- main mass of tongue
Back- hindmost part of tongue
Root- contained in upper part of pharynx

25
Q

labials

A

sounds made with closure of the lips

26
Q

bilabial

A

made with both lips (ex- p eer, m onth)

27
Q

labiodental

A

sounds made with upper teeth and lower lip (ex- f ire, v ow)

28
Q

dentals

A

tongue placed against or near the teeth (ex- t emps, d ire, z ero)

29
Q

interdental

A

tongue placed between the teeth (ex- th is, th ing)

30
Q

alveolar ridge

A

small ridge protruding from behind upper front teeth (ex- t op, d eer, s oap, z ip)

31
Q

alveopalatal

A

sharp roof of mouth behind alveolar ridge (ex- sh ow, mea s ure, j u dg e)

32
Q

palate

A

highest part of the roof of the mouth

33
Q

palatals

A

sounds produced with the tongue on palate (ex- y es)

34
Q

velum

A

soft area toward rear of mouth

35
Q

velars

A

sounds made w or on velum (ex- c all, g uy, ha ng)

36
Q

labiovelar

A

sounds used by velum and lips (w et)

37
Q

uvula

A

small flap hanging down from velum

38
Q

uvulars

A

sounds made on or with uvula
- English does not have any uvular sounds

39
Q

pharyngeals

A

sounds made by retracting the tongue or constricting the pharynx
Found in dialects of arabic not in english

40
Q

glottals

A

sounds produced using vocal folds as primary articulators (h eave, h og)

41
Q

manners of articulation

A

the use of the tongue, lips, velum and glottis positioned in different ways to produce sound types

42
Q

oral phones

A

velum is raised blocking airflow through nasal cavity

43
Q

nasal phones

A

velum is lowered to allow air to pass through nasal cavity (su n, su m, su ng)

44
Q

stops

A

complete closure in oral cavity or at glottis (uh-uh, s p an, s t un, n ot)

45
Q

fricatives

A

consonants produced with continuous airflow in the mouth (continuants)

46
Q

affricatives

A

non-continuant sounds that show a slow release of the closure (ch urch, j ump)

47
Q

stridents / sibilants

A

noisier fricatives and affricatives

48
Q

aspiration

A

delay in vocalic voicing accompanied by a release of air (pat, tub, cope)
Stops are either aspirated or unaspirated
Unreleased stop: (cap, pot, back)

49
Q

liquids

A

special class of consonants, oral sonorous consonants (numerous variants of l and r)

50
Q

laterals

A

varieties of l, usually voiced

51
Q

diacritic

A

voiceless lateral

52
Q

retroflex

A

varieties of r (r ide, ca r)

53
Q

flap

A

sound commonly identified with r (bi tt er, bu tt er)

54
Q

syllabic liquids & nasals

A

when liquid / nasal sounds make a syllabic nuclei

Linguistics 100A (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions