Chapter 2 Flashcards
Abdomen
Latin Abdomen
Part of the trunk between thorax and pelvis
Abdomin
Root
Abdomen
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Ana
Root
Apart from
Tomy
Suffix
Process of separating
Anatomy
Root + Suffix
Study of the structure of the human body
Ana
Root
Apart from
Ical
Suffix
Pertaining to
Anatomical
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to anatomy
Anter
Root
Before, front part
Ior
Suffix
Pertaining to
Anterior
Root + Suffix
The front surface of the body; situated in front
Caud
Root
Tail
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Caudal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to or nearer to the tailbone
Cephal
Root
Head
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Cephalic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to or nearer to the head
Coron
Root
Crown
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Coronal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
Dist
Root
Away from the center
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Distal
Root + Suffix
Situated away from the center of the body
Dors
Root
Back
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Later
Root
Side
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Lateral
Root + Suffix
Situated at the side of a structure
Medi
Root
Middle
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Medial
Root + Suffix
Nearer to the middle of the body
Poster
Root
Back part
Ior
Suffix
Pertaining to
Posterior
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the back surface of the body; situated behind
Prone
Latin Bending forward
Lying face down, flat on your belly
Proxim
Root
Nearest to the center
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Proximal
Root + Suffix
Situated nearest to the center of the body
Sagitt
Root
Arrow
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Sagittal
Root + Suffix
Vertical plane through the body into right and left portions
Supine
Latin lying on the back
Lying face up, flat on your spine
Transverse
Latin Crosswise
Horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions
Ventr
Root
Belly
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Ventral
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the belly or situated nearer to the surface of the belly
Abdomin/o
Root + Combining Form
Abdomen
Pelv
Root
Pelvis
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Abdominopelvic
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the abdomen and pelvis
Cav
Root
Hollow space
Ity
Suffix
State, condition
Cavity
Root + Suffix
A hollow space or body compartment
Crani
Root
Skull
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Cranial
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the cranium
Crani
Root
Skull
Um
Suffix
Structure
Cranium
Root + Suffix
The skull
Diaphragm
Greek Diaphragm
Muscular sheet separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
Diaphragmat
Root
Diaphragm
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Diaphragmatic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the diaphragm
Quadrant
Latin One quarter
One quarter of a circle; one of four regions of the surface of the abdomen
Spine
Latin Spine
The vertebral column or short bony projection
Spin
Root
Spine
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Spinal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the spine
Thorac
Root
Chest
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Thoracic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the chest
Thorax
Greek Chest
The part of the trunk between the abdomen and neck
Umbilic
Root
Naval
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Umbilical
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the umbilicus or the center of the abdomen
Umbilicus
Root
Pit in the abdomen where the umbilical cord entered the fetus
Cell
Latin A storeroom
The smallest unit of the body capable of independent existence
Conception
Latin Something received
Fertilization of the egg by sperm to form a zygote
Cyt/o
Root + Combining Form
Cell
Logy
Suffix
Study of
Cytology
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Study of the cell
Cyt/o
Root + Combining Form
Cell
Logist
Suffix
One who studies a specialist
Cytologist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Specialist in the structure, chemistry, and pathology of the cell
Fertiliz
Root
To make fruitful
Ation
Suffix
Process
Fertilization
Root + Suffix
Union of a male sperm and a female egg
Fertilize
Greek To bear
Penetration of the egg by sperm
Organ
Latin Instrument, tool
Structure with specific functions in a body system
Organ
Root
Organ
Elle
Suffix
Small
Organelle
Root + Suffix
Part of a cell having specialized functions
Organ
Root
Organ
Ism
Suffix
Condition, process
Organism
Root + Suffix
Any whole living, individual plant or animal
Tissue
Latin To weave
Collection of similar cells
Zygote
Greek Yolk
Cell resulting from the union of sperm and egg
Anabol
Root
Build up
Ism
Suffix
Process, condition
Anabolism
Root + Suffix
The buildup of complex substances in the cell from simpler ones as a part of metabolism
Catabol
Root
Break down
Ism
Suffix
Process, condition
Catabolism
Root + Suffix
The breakdown of complex substances into simpler ones as a part of metabolism
Chrom/o
Root + Combining Form
Color
Some
Suffix
Body
Chromosome
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Body in the nucleus that contains DNA and genes
Cyt/o
Root + Combining Form
Cell
Plasm
Suffix
Something formed
Cytoplasm
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Clear gelatinous substance that forms the substance of a cell, except for the nucleus
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Source of hereditary characteristics found in chromosomes
Electr/o
Root + Combining Form
Electricity
Lyte
Suffix
Soluble
Electrolyte
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Substance that when dissolved in a suitable medium, forms electrically charged particles
Hormone
Greek Set in motion
Chemical formed in one tissue or organ and carried by the blood to stimulate or inhibit a function of another tissue or organ
Hormon
Root
Hormone
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Hormonal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to a hormone
Intra
Prefix
Within
Cellul
Root
Small cell
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Intracellular
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Within the cell
Lipid
Greek Fat
General term for all types of fatty compounds
Membrane
Latin Parchment
Thin layer of tissue covering a structure or cavity
Membran
Root
Cover, skin
Ous
Suffix
Pertaining to
Membranous
Pertaining to a membrane
Metabol
Root
Change
Ism
Suffix
Condition, process
Metabolism
Root + Suffix
The constantly changing physical and chemical processes occurring in the cell that are the sum of anabolism and catabolism
Metabol
Root
Change
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Metabolic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to metabolism
Mit/o
Root + Combining Form
Thread
Chondr
Root
Granule
Ia
Suffix
Condition
Mitochondria
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Organelles that generate, store and release energy for cell activities
Nucle/o
Root + Combining Form
Nucleus
Lus
Suffix
Small
Nucleus
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Small mass within the nucleus
Nucleus
Latin Command center
Functional center of a cell or structure
Nucle
Root
Nucleus
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Nuclear
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to a nucleus
Protein
Greek Protein
Class of food substances based on amino acids
Ribo
Prefix
From ribose, a sugar
Nucle
Root
Nucleus
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
RIbonucleic
Prefix + Root + Suffix
The information carrier from DNA in the nucleus to an organelle to produce protein molecules
Ster
Root
Solid
Oid
Suffix
Resembling
Steroid
Root + Suffix
Large family of chemical substances found in many drugs of hormones and body components
Arthr/o
Root + Combining Form
Joint
Scopy
Suffix
To examine, to view
Arthroscopy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Visual examination of the interior of a joint
Connect
Root
Join together
Ive
Suffix
Pertaining to
Connective
Root + Suffix
The supporting tissue of the body
Cruciate
Latin Cross
Shaped like a cross
Graft
French Transplant
Transplantation of living tissue
Hist/o
Root + Combining Form
Tissue
Logy
Suffix
Study of
Histology
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Study of the structure and function of cells, tissues and organs
Hist/o
Root + Combining Form
Tissue
Logist
Suffix
One who studies, specialist
Histologist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Specialist in histology
Ligament
Latin Band
Band of fibrous tissue connecting two structures
Meniscus
Greek Crescent
Disc of cartilage between the bones of a joint
Muscle
Latin Muscle
A tissue consisting of contractile cells
Patella
Latin Small plate
Thin circular bone embedded in the patellar tendon in front of the knee joint; also called the kneecap
Patell
Root
Patella
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Patellar
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the patella
Therapy
Greek Medical treatment
Systemic treatment of a disease, dysfunction or disorder
Therapeut
Root
Treatment
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Therapeutic
Root + Suffix
Relating to the treatment of a disease or disorder
Therap
Root
Treatment
Ist
Suffix
Specialist
Therapist
Root + Suffix
Professional trained in the practice of a particular therapy
Capsule
Latin Little box
Fibrous tissue layer surrounding a joint or other structure
Capsul
Root
Box
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Capsular
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to a capsule
Cartilage
Latin Gristle
Nonvascular, firm connective tissue found mostly in joints
Coll/a
Root + Combining Form
Glue
Gen
Suffix
Produce, from
Collagen
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Major protein of connective tissue, cartilage and bone
Matrix
Latin Mater Mother
Substance that surrounds and protects cells, is manufactured by the cells, and holds them together
Nurti
Root
Nourish
Ent
Suffix
End result
Nutrient
Root + Suffix
A substance in food required for normal physiologic function
Peri
Prefix
Around
Oste
Root
Bone
Um
Suffix
Tissue
Periosteum
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Fibrous membrane covering a bone
Syn
Prefix
Together
Ov/i
Root + Combining Form
Egg
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Synovial
Prefix + Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Pertaining to the synovial membrane or fluid
Tendon
Latin Sinew
Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone
Cardi/o
Root + Combining Form
Heart
Vascul
Root
Blood vessel
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Cardiovascular
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels
Digest
Root
Break down food
Ion
Suffix
Action
Digestion
Root + Suffix
Breakdown of food into elements suitable for cell metabolism
Digest
Root
Break down food
Ive
Suffix
Pertaining to
Digestive
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to digestion
Endo
Prefix
Within
Crine
Root
To secrete
Endocrine
Prefix + Root
A gland that produces an internal or hormonal substance
Home/o
Root + Combining Form
The smae
Stasis
Suffix
Standstill, control
Homeostasis
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Maintaining the stability of a system or the body’s internal environment
Integument
Latin A Covering
Organ system that covers the body, the skin being the main organ within the system
Integument
Root
Covering of the body
Ary
Suffix
Pertaining to
Integumentary
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the covering of the body
Lymph
Latin Clear spring water
Clear fluid collected from body tissues and transported by lymph vessels to the venous circulation
Lymph
Root
Lymph, lymphatic system
Atic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Lymphatic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to lymph or the lymphatic system
Nerv
Root
Nerve
Ous
Suffix
Pertaining to
Nervous
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to a nerve or the nervous system; or easily excited or agitated
Nervous System
System Greek an organized whole
The whole, integrated nerve apparatus
Respir
Root
To breathe
Ation
Suffix
Process
Respiration
Root + Suffix
Process of breathing; fundamental process of life used to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
Respir
Root
To breathe
Atory
Suffix
Pertaining to
Respiratory
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to respiration
Skeleton
Greek Skeleton or mummy
The bony framework of the body
Skelet
Root
Skeleton
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Skeletal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the skeleton
Urin
Root
Urine
Ary
Suffix
Pertaining to
Urinary
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to urine