Chapter 11 Flashcards
Bi/o
Root + Combining Form
Life
Metry
Suffix
Process of measuring
Biometry
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
The study of numeric data based on biologic observations
Bi/o
Root + Combining Form
Life
Metrist
Suffix
Skilled in measuring
Biometrist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Skilled in biometry
Conjunctiva
Latin Inner lining of eyelids
Inner lining of eyelids
Conjunctiv
Root
Conjunctiva
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Conjunctival
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the conjunctiva
Conjunctiv
Root
Conjunctiva
Itis
Suffix
Inflammation
Conjunctivitis
Root + Suffix
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
Pink eye
Lay term for conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis
Cornea
Latin Web, tunic
The central, transparent part of the outer coat of the eye covering the iris and pupil
Lacrim
Root
Tear
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Lacrimal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to tears and the tear apparatus
Nas/o
Root + Combining Form
Nose
Lacrim
Root
Tear
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Duct
Root
To lead
Nasolacrimal duct
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix + Root
Passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose
Opthalm/o
Root + Combining Form
Eye
Logy
Suffix
Study of
Opthalmology
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the eye
Opthalm/o
Root + Combining Form
Eye
Logist
Suffix
One who studies, specialist
Ophthalmologist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Medical specialist in ophthalmology
Ophthalm
Root
Eye
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Ophthalmic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the eye
Orbit
Latin Circle
The bony socket that holds the eyeball
Orbit
Root
Orbit
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Orbital
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the orbit
Peri
Prefix
Around
Orbit
Root
Orbit
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Periorbital
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to tissues around the orbit
Phot/o
Root + Combining Form
Light
Phob
Root
Fear
Ia
Suffix
Condition
Photophobia
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Fear of the light because it hurts the eyes
Phot/o
Root + Combining Form
Light
Phob
Root
Fear
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Photophobic
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to or suffering from photophobia
Anti
Prefix
Against
Bio
Root
Life
Tic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Antibiotic
Prefix + Root + Suffix
A substance that has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or destroy bacteria and other microorganisms
Blephar
Root
Eyelid
Itis
Suffix
Inflammation
Blepharitis
Root + Suffix
Inflammation of the eyelid
Blephar/o
Root + Combining Form
Eyelid
Ptosis
Suffix
Drooping
Blepharoptosis
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Drooping of the upper eyelid
Blephar/o
Root + Combining Form
Eyelid
Plasty
Suffix
Surgical repair
Blepharoplasty
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Surgical repair of the eyelid
Contagious
Latin Touch closely
Infection can be transmitted from person to person or from a person to a surface to a person
Con
Prefix
Together
Tamin
Root
Touch
Ate
Suffix
Composed of, pertaining to
Contaminate
Prefix + Root + Suffix
To cause the presence of an infectious agent to be on any surface
Con
Prefix
Together
Tamin
Root
Touch
Ation
Suffix
Process
Contamination
Prefix + Root + Suffix
The presence of an infectious agent on any surface
Hordeolum
Latin Stye in the eye
Abscess in an eyelash follicle
Paresis
Greek paralysis
Partial Paralysis
Ptosis
Greek Drooping
Sinking down of the upper eyelid of an organ
Pur
Root
Pus
Ulent
Suffix
Abounding in
Purulent
Root + Suffix
Showing or containing a lot of pus
Ac
Prefix
Toward
Commodat
Root
Adjust
Ion
Suffix
Action
Accommodation
Prefix + Root + Suffix
The act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs; in this case the lens of they eye adjusts itself
Ac
Prefix
Toward
Commodat
Root
Adjust
Ate
Suffix
Pertaining to, composed of
Accommodate
Prefix + Root + Suffix
To adapt to meet a need
Ac
Prefix
Toward
Commodat
Root
Adjust
Ive
Suffix
Pertaining to
Accommodative
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to accommodation
Ambly
Prefix
Dull
Opia
Root
Sight
Amblyopia
Prefix + Root
Failure or incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain
Eso
Prefix
Inward
Trop
Root
Turn
Ia
Suffix
Condition
Esotropia
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Turning the eye inward toward the nose
Exo
Prefix
Outward
Trop
Root
Turn
Ia
Suffix
Condition
Exotropia
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Turning the eye outward away from the nose
Extrinsic
Latin On the outer side
Any muscle located entirely on the outside of the structure under consideration; e.g the eye
Intrinsic
Latin On the inner side
Any muscle located entirely within (inside) the structure under consideration; e.g the eye
Ocul
Root
Eye
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Ocular
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the eye
Opt/o
Root + Combining Form
Vision
Metrist
Suffix
Skilled in measurement
Optometrist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Someone skilled in the measurement of vision but who cannot treat eye diseases or prescribe medication
Opt/o
Root + Combining Form
Vision
Metry
Suffix
Process of measuring
Optometry
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
The profession of the measurement of vision
Stere
Root
Three - dimensional
Opsis
Suffix
Vision
Stereopsis
Root + Suffix
Three- dimensional vision
Strab
Root
Squint
Ismus
Suffix
Take action
Strabismus
Root + Suffix
Turning of an eye away from its normal position
A
Prefix
Without
Vascul
Root
Blood Vessel
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Avascular
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Without a blood supply
Con
Prefix
With, together
Strict
Root
Narrow
Constrict
Prefix + Root
Become or make narrow
Con
Prefix
With, together
Strict
Root
Narrow
Ion
Suffix
Action, condition
Constriction
Prefix + Root + Suffix
A narrowed portion of a structure
Dilate
Latin Dilate
To perform or undergo dilation
Dilat
Root
Dilate
Ion
Suffix
Action, condition
Dilation
Root + Suffix
Stretching or enlarging an opening or a structure
Iris
Greek Diaphragm of the eye
Colored portion of the eye with the pupil in its center
Lens
Latin Lentil shape
Transparent refractive structure behind the iris
Presby
Root
Old man
Opia
Suffix
Sight
Presbyopia
Root + Suffix
Difficulty in nearsighted vision occurring in middle and old age
Pupil
Latin Pupil
The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to reach the lens
Pupill
Root
Pupil
Ary
Suffix
Pertaining to
Pupillary
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the pupil
Refract
Latin Net
Light-sensitive innermost layer of the eyeball
Retin
Root
Retina
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Retinal
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the retina
Sclera
Greek Hard
Fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white of the eye
Scler
Root
Hardness, white of eye
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Scleral
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the sclera
Scler
Root
Hardness, white of eye
Itis
Suffix
Inflammation
Scleritis
Root + Suffix
Inflammation of the sclera
A
Prefix
Without
Stigmat
Root
Focus
Ism
Suffix
Process
Astigmatism
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Inability to focus light rays that enter the eye in different planes
Concave
Latin Concavus arched
Having a hollowed surface
Convex
Latin Convexus vaulted
A surface that is evenly curved outward
Foramen
Latin Hole
An opening through a stucture
Hyper
Prefix
Beyond
Opia
Root
Sight
Hyperopia
Prefix + Root
Able to see distant objects but unable to see close objects
In Situ
Latin In its original place
In the correct place
Kerat/o
Root + Combining Form
Cornea
Mileusis
Root
Lathe
Keratomileusis
Root + Combining Form + Root
Cuts and shapes the cornea
Kerat/o
Root + Combining Form
Cornea
Tomy
Suffix
Surgical incision
Keratotomy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Incision in the cornea
Myop
Root
To blink
Opia
Root
Sight
Myopia
Root + Root
Able to see close objects but unable to see distant objects
Radi
Root
Radius
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Radial
Root + Suffix
Diverging in all directions from any given center
Cataract
Latin To break down
Complete or partial opacity of the lens
Fluo
Prefix
Fluorine
Rescein
Root
Resin
Fluorescein
Prefix + Root
Dye that produces a vivid green color under a blue light to diagnose corneal abrasions and foreign bodies
Glauc
Root
Lens opacity
Oma
Suffix
Mass, tumor
Glaucoma
Root + Suffix
Increased intraocular pressure
Intra
Prefix
Inside
Ocul
Root
Eye
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Intraocular
Prefix + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the inside of the eye
Ophthalm
Root
Eye
Ia
Suffix
Condition
Neo
Prefix
New
Nat
Root
Born
Orum
Suffix
Function of
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Root + Suffix + Prefix + Root + Suffix
Conjunctivitis of the newborn
Phot/o
Root + Combining Form
Light
Sensitiv
Root
Feeling
Ity
Suffix
Condition
Photosensitivity
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
When light produces pain in the eye
Pollution
Latin To defile
Condition that is unclean, impure, and a danger to health
Pollut
Root
Unclean
Ant
Suffix
Pertaining to
Pollutant
Root + Suffix
Substance that makes an environment unclean or impure
Angi/o
Root + Combining Form
Blood vessel
Graphy
Suffix
Process of recording
Angiography
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Radiography of vessels after injection of contrast material
Angi/o
Root + Combining Form
Blood vessel
Gram
Suffiix
A record
Angiogram
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Radiogram obtained after injection of radiopaque material into blood vessels
Laser
Light Amplification by Simulated Emission of Radiation
Surg
Root
Operate
Ery
Suffix
Process of
Laser Surgery
Root + Suffix
Use of a concentrated, intense narrow beam of electromagnetic radiation for surgery
Ophthalm/o
Root + Combining Form
Eye
Scope
Suffix
Instrument for viewing
Ophthalmoscope
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Instrument for viewing the retina
Ophthalm/o
Root + Combining Form
Eye
Scopy
Suffix
To view, examine
Ophthalmoscopy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
The process of viewing the retina
Ophthalm/o
Root + Combining Form
Eye
Scope
Suffix
Instrument for viewing
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Ophthalmoscopic
Root + Combining Form + Suffix + Suffix
Pertaining to the use of an ophthalmoscope
Phot/o
Root + Combining Form
Light
Coagul
Root
Clotting
Ation
Suffix
Process
Photocoagulation
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Using light to form a clot
Retin/o
Root + Combining Form
Retina
Blast
Root
Immature cell
Oma
Suffix
Tumor, mass
Retinoblatoma
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Malignant neoplasm of primitive retinal cells
Retin/o
Root + Combining Form
Retina
Pathy
Suffix
Disease
Retinopathy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Degenerative disease of the retina
Fundus
Latin Bottom
Part farthest from the opening of a hallow organ
Fund/o
Root + Combining Form
Fundus
Scopy
Suffix
To examine
Fundoscopy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Examination of the fundus of the eye
Fund/o
Root + Combining Form
Fundus
Scop
Suffix
To examine
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Fundoscopic
Root + Combining Form + Suffix + Suffix
Pertaining to fundoscopy
Ishihara color system
Test for color vision defects
Jaeger reading cards
Type of different sizes for testing near vision
Peripher
Root
External boundary
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Peripheral
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the periphery or external boundary
Peripher
Root
External boundary
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Vis
Root
Sight
Ion
Suffix
Action, condition
Peripheral Vision
Root + Suffix + Root + Suffix
Ability to see objects as they come into the outer edges of the visual field
Snellen letter chart
Test for acuity of distant vision
Ton/o
Root + Combining Form
Pressure, tension
Meter
Suffix
Measure
Tonometer
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Instrument for determining intraocular pressure
Ton/o
Root + Combining Form
Pressure, tension
Metry
Suffix
Process of measuring
Tonometry
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
The measurement of intraocular pressure
Acetaminophen
Generic drug name
Medication that is an analgesic and antipyretic
Acute
Latin Sharp
Disease of sudden onset
Bi
Prefix
Two
Later
Root
Side
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Bilateral
Prefix + Root + Suffix
On two sides; e.g. in both ears
Chronic
Greek Time
A persistent, long-term disease
Effusion
Latin Pouring out
Collection of fluid that has escaped from blood vessels into a cavity or tissues
Ot
Root
Ear
Itis
Suffix
Inflammation
Media
Root
Middle
Otitis Media
Root + Suffix + Root
Inflammation of the middle ear
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Logist
Suffix
Specialist
Otologist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Medical specialist in diseases of the ear
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Logy
Suffix
Study of
Otology
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the ear
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Rhin/o
Root + Combining Form
Nose
Laryng/o
Root + Combining Form
Larynx
Logist
Suffix
Specialist
Otorhinolaryngologist
Root + Combining Form + Root + Combining Form +Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Ear, nose and throat medical specialist
Auditory
Latin Hearing
Relating to hearing or the organs of hearing
Audi/o
Root + Combining Form
Hearing
Logy
Suffix
Study of
Audiology
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Study of hearing disorders
Audi/o
Root + Combining Form
Hearing
Logist
Suffix
One who studies, specialist
Audiologist
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Specialist in evaluation of hearing function
Auricle
Latin Ear
The shell-like external ear
Cerumen
Latin Wax
Waxy secretion of glands of the external ear
Cerumin
Root
Cerumen
Ous
Suffix
Pertaining to
Ceruminous
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to cerumen
Cur
Root
Cleanse, cure
Ette
Suffix
Little
Curette
Root + Suffix
Scoop-shaped instrument for scraping or removal of new growths
Cur
Root
Cleanse, cure
Ette
Suffix
Little
Age
Suffix
Pertaining to
Curettage
Root + Suffix + Suffix
The use of a curette
Impacted
Latin Driven in
Immovably wedged, as with earwax blocking the external canal
Irrig
Root
To water
Ation
Suffix
Process
Irrigation
Root + Suffix
Use of water; e.g. to remove wax from the external ear canal
Meatus
Latin Go through
Passage or channel; also the external opening of a passage
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Scope
Suffix
Instrument for viewing
Otoscope
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Instrument for examining the ear
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Scopy
Suffix
To examine
Otoscopy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Examination of the ear
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Scop
Root
To view
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Otoscopic
Root + Combining Form + Suffix + Suffix
Pertaining to examination with an otoscope
Pinna
Latin Wing
Another name for auricle
Topic
Root
Local
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Topical
Root + Suffix
Medication applied to the skin to obtain a local effect
Tympan
Root
Eardrum
Ic
Suffix
Pertaining to
Tympanic
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the tympanic membrane or tympanic cavity
Aden
Root
Gland
Oid
Suffix
Resembling
Adenoid
Root + Suffix
Single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat
Eustachian Tube
Tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx
Incus
Latin Anvil
Middle one of the three ossicles in the middle ear; shaped like an anvil
Malleus
Latin Hammer
Outer one of the three ossicles in the middle ear; shaped like a hammer
Mast
Root
Breast
Oid
Suffix
Resembling
Mastoid
Root + Suffix
Small bony protrusion immediately behind the ear
Nas/o
Root + Combining Form
Nose
Pharynx
Root
Throat
Nasopharynx
Root + Combining Form + Root
Region of the pharynx at the back of the nose and above the soft palate
Nas/o
Root + Combining Form
Nose
Pharyng
Root
Pharynx
Eal
Suffix
Pertaining to
Nasopharyngeal
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the nasopharynx
Oss/i
Root + Combining Form
Bone
Cle
Suffix
Small
Ossicle
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
A small bone, particularly relating to the three bones in the middle ear
Stapes
Latin Stirrup
Inner one of the three ossicles of the middle ear; shaped like a stirrup
Chol/e
Root + Combining Form
Bile
Steat
Root
Fat
Oma
Suffix
Tumor, mass
Cholesteatoma
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Yellow, waxy tumor arising in the middle ear
Coryza
Greek Catarrh
Viral inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose
Myring/o
Root + Combining Form
Tympanic membrane
Tomy
Suffix
Surgical incision
Myringotomy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Incision on the tympanic membrane
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Scler/o
Root + Combining Form
Hard
Sis
Suffix
Abnormal condition
Otosclerosis
Root + Combining Form + Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Hardening at the junction of the stapes and oval window that causes loss of hearing
Perforated
Latin To bore through
Punctured with one or more holes
Perforat
Root
Bore through
Ion
Suffix
Action
Perforation
Root + Suffix
A hole through the wall of a structure
Prosthesis
Greek Addition
Manufactured substitute for a missing or diseased part of the body
Tympan/o
Root + Combining Form
Eardrum
Stomy
Suffix
New opening
Tympanostomy
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Surgical created new opening in the tympanic membrane to allow fluid to drain from the middle ear
Audi/o
Root + Combining Form
Hearing
Meter
Suffix
Measure
Audiometer
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Instrument to measure hearing
Audi/o
Root + Combining Form
Hearing
Metric
Suffix
Pertaining to measurement
Audiometric
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Pertaining to the measurement of hearing
Basil
Root
Base, support
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Basilar
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the base of a structure
Cochlea
Latin Snail shell
An intricate combination of passages; used to describe the inner ear
Conductive hearing loss
Latin To lead
Hearing loss caused by lesions in the outer ear or middle ear
Implant
Latin To plant
To insert material into tissues; or the material inserted into tissues
Labyrinth
Greek Labyrinth
The inner ear
Labyrinth
Root
Inner ear
Itis
Suffix
Inflammation
Labyrinthitis
Root + Combining Form + Suffix
Inflammation of the inner ear
Rinne test
Test for conductive hearing loss
Sensor/i
Root + Combining Form
Sensory
Neur
Root
Nerve
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Sensorineural hearing loss
Root + Combining Form + Root + Suffix
Hearing loss caused by lesions of the inner ear or the auditory nerve
Weber test
Test for sensorineural hearing loss
Ampulla
Latin Two-handleded bottle
Dilated portion of a canal or duct
Crista
Root
Crest
Ampull
Root
Bottle-shaped
Aris
Suffix
Pertaining to
Crista Ampullaris
Root + Root + Suffix
Mound of hair cells and gelatinous material in the ampulla of a semicircular canal
Equi
Prefix
Equal
Librium
Root
Balance
Equilibrium
Prefix + Root
Being evenly balanced
Meniere Disease
Disorder of the inner ear with acute attacks of tinnitus, vertigo and hearing loss
Ot/o
Root + Combining Form
Ear
Lith
Root
Stone
Otolith
Root + Combining Form + Root
A calcium particle in the vestibule of the inner ear
Paroxysm
Root
Sudden, sharp attack
Al
Suffix
Pertaining to
Paroxysmal
Root + Suffix
Occurring in sharp, spasmodic episodes
Tinnitus
Latin Jingle
Persistant ringing, whistling, clicking or booming noise in the ears
Vertigo
Latin Dizziness
Sensation of spinning or whirling
Vestibule
Latin Entrance chamber
Space at the entrance to a canal
Vestibul
Root
Vestibule
Ar
Suffix
Pertaining to
Vestibular
Root + Suffix
Pertaining to the vestibule