CHAPTER 2:2 - 2 Flashcards
refers to the systematic study of vital events such as births, illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation and deaths.
Vital Statistics
a measure of one characteristic of the natural growth or increase of a population.
Crude Birth Rate
referred to the total living population. It must be presumed that the total population was exposed to the risk of the occurrence of the event.
Crude or General Rate
shows the relationship between a vital event and those persons exposed to the occurrence of said event, within a given area and during a specified unit of time
it is evident that the person experiencing the event (Numerator) must come from the total population exposed to the risk of same event (Denominator).
Rate
It is used to describe the relationship between two (2) numerical quantities or measure of events without taking particular considerations to the time and place.
These quantities need not necessarily represent the same entities, although the unit measure must be the same for both numerator and denominator of the ration.
Ratio
Formula on getting”Crude Birth Rate”
No. of live birth/Midyear population * 1000
Indices of the health and illness statues of a community, and serves as bases for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating community health nursing programs and services.
VITAL STATISTICS
Sources of data in VITAL STATISTICS
Population census
Registration of Vital data
Health Survey
Studies and researches.
a measure of one of the characteristics of natural growth or increase in population
Crude Birth Rate
Measures the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon during a given period of time.
Incidence Rate
Deals only with new cases.
it is the number of livebirth per 1,000 women aged 15-49 in a given year
General Fertility Rate
Formula on getting “General Fertility Rate”
No. of live birth/Midyear population of women, 15-49 years of age* 1000
Formula on getting “Incidence Rate”
Number of new cases of disease developing from a period of time/”Population at risk of developing the disease * F
measures the portion of the population which exhibits a particular disease at a particular time.
Prevalence Rate
Deals with total (old and new) number cases
Formula on getting “Prevalence Rate”
Number of old and new cases of a disease/Population examined * F
Is used when the risk period for the occurrence of disease is very short.
Attack Rate
shows rates of dying in specific population group
Specific Mortality Rate
Formula on getting “Attack Rate”
Number of new cases among the population during the period/Population at risk at the beginning of period * 100
Formula on getting “Crude Death Rate”
Number of death/Midyear Population * 1000
Formula on getting “Specific Mortality Rate”
Number of deaths in a specified group in a calendar year/Midyear population of the same specified group * 1000
the rate of dying due to specific cause.
Cause-of-Death Rate
a measure of one mortality from all cause which may result in a decrease in population.
Crude Death Rate
Formula on getting “Cause-of-Death Rate”
Number of deaths in a certain cause in a calendar year/Midyear population * 1000
shows the numerical relationship between death from a cause (or group of cause), age (or groups of age) etc. and the total number of deaths from all causes in all ages taken together.
Proportionate Mortality rate
Not a measurement of risk of dying.
it measures the risk of dying from causes related to pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium.
Maternal Mortality Rate
It is an index of obstetrical care needed and received by the women in a community.
Formula in getting “Infant Mortality Rate”
Deaths under one year of age/Number of live births * 1000
it measures the risk of dying during the first year of life.
Infant Mortality Rate
It is a good index of the general health condition of community since it reflects the changes in the environmental and medical conditions of the community.
Formula on getting “Maternal Mortality Rate”
Number of deaths due to pregnancy,delivery and puerperium /Number of live births * 1000
Formula on getting “Neonatal Mortality Rate”
Number of deaths below 28 days/Number of live births * 1000
measures the risk of dying on the first month of life.
Neonatal Mortality Rate
- May serve as index of the effects of prenatal care and obstetrical management of the newborn.
Formula on getting “Proportionate Mortality rate”
Number of deaths from a particular cause/Total deaths * 100
measures the deaths among individual in the age group of 50 and above.
Swaroops Index
The higher the rate, the better is the health status of the population.
Formula on getting “Swaroops Index”
Number of deaths among those 50 years and over/Total deaths * 100
index of the killing power of a disease.
It is influenced by incomplete reporting and poor morbidity data
Case Fatality Rate
Formula on getting “Case Fatality Rate”
Number of deaths from a specified cause/Number of cases of the same disease * 100
Presentation of Data:
most commonly used graphs in presenting data:
- Line or curved graphs
- Bar graphs
- Area Diagram
Presentation of Data:
shows peak, valleys and seasonal trends. Also used to show the trends of birth and death rates over a period of time;
Line or curved graphs
Presentation of Data:
represents or expresses a quantity in terms of rates or percentages of a particular observation like cause of illness and deaths.
Bar graphs
Presentation of Data:
shows the relative importance of parts to the whole.
Area Diagram
