Chapter 2

Question 0

What philosophy did Hobbes believe?

Answer 0

People are mean and nasty; need strong government to keep the peace

Question 1

What is the philosophy of government?

Answer 1

Beliefs about human nature shape what types of government we think we need

Question 2

What did Montesquieu believe?

Answer 2

Separate branches with checks are necessary to control government

Question 3

What did john Locke do?

Answer 3

1) natural rights - government can’t take away
2) consent of the governed - popular sovereignty
3) limited government - restrictions on what rulers can do
4) property rights

Question 4

Magma carta

Answer 4

Rule of low, limited government

Question 5

State charters

Answer 5

Legislatures and direct democracy at local levels

Question 6

Albany plan of union

Answer 6

Defensive military alliance

Question 7

Continental congress

Answer 7

Political and military defense

Question 8

Revolutionary war

Answer 8

• war fir political independence
• not a radical political change
• not a social change
• very conservative revolution: why it worked

Question 9

Articles if confederation: powers granted

Answer 9

• congress could raise armies
• could declare war
• could sign treaties

Question 10

Articles of confederation: couldn’t do:

Answer 10

• no raise revenue through taxes
• could not regulate trade and collect tariffs
• no executive or judicial branch
• only state governments could tax
• national government had to ask for money

Question 11

Government designed to:

Answer 11

1) preserve individual liberties
2) keep power local
3) prevent rise of king/tyrant

Question 12

Shays rebellion

Answer 12

Social and economic rebellion; highlights the inability to form national policy if defense and economic friction between states

Question 13

Connecticut compromise

Answer 13

Big and little states

Question 14

3/5ths compromise

Answer 14

Southern support

Question 15

Constitutional provisions

Answer 15

• separation of powers
• checks and balances
• property rights protected

Question 16

15th amendment

Answer 16

Black men can vote

Question 17

19th amendment

Answer 17

Women can vote

Question 18

24tho amendment

Answer 18

2, 4 shut the door on POLL TAX

Question 19

26th amendment

Answer 19

Lowered voting age to 18

Question 20

Forms of informal amendment process

Answer 20

Judicial interpretation
Technology
Policy making demands
Tradition

Question 21

Anti-federal it’s

Answer 21

• Prefer articles of confederation
• States rights important, strong central government is a danger
• preserving liberty and rights is most important government function
• want Bill of Rights - every state head one

Question 22

Federalists

Answer 22

• Campaign to change minds (federalist paper)
• Agree to bill of rights
• Constitution is ratified

Question 23

Whiskey rebellion

Answer 23

• farmers revolt over whiskey tax
• strong central government drafts on an army and outs it down
• constitution works!!!

Question 24

Alexis de Tocqueville

Answer 24

"Democracy in America" 
Succeeded because 
1) free land, no serfs
2) no nobles, only $ counts 
3) few taxes, business can grow