AP Psychology

Question 0

Charles Darwin

Answer 0

Evolutionary psych

H&A

Question 1

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer 1

First female president of the APA
Denied doctorate degree at Harvard
H&A

Question 2

Dorothea Dix

Answer 2

Creation of American mental hospital
One of the most effective advocates of the humanitarianism reform in mental institutions
H&A

Question 3

Sigmund freud

Answer 3

Developed psychosexual stages
Used psychoanalytic approach to help his students
Greatly impacted psychological world

H&A

Question 4

G. Stanley Hall

Answer 4

1st psych lab in America at Johns Hopkins; first president of APA.

H&A

Question 5

William James

Answer 5

1st psych textbook; write theory of pragmatism

H&A

Question 6

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 6

The dog experiment

Conditioned reflex - when we associate things with other stimuli

Question 7

Jean Piaget

Answer 7

A leading developmental psychologist

Influential in cognitive development; suggested nature and nurture work together

Question 8

Carl Rogers

Answer 8

Humanistic approach

Developed client-centered therapy

Question 9

B.F. Skinner

Answer 9

Radical behaviorism seeks to understand behavior as a function of environmental histories of reinforcing consequences

Question 10

Margaret floy Washburn

Answer 10

First woman to get a PhD in psychology

Question 11

John B. Watson

Answer 11

Little Al experiment

Influenced school of behaviorism

Question 12

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 12

In 1879, he founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research at the University of Leipzig

Father if experimental psychology

Question 13

Paul broca

Answer 13

Studied human speech and brain functions

Famous for discovering the speech production area of the brain in the frontal lobes

Question 14

Michael Gazzaniga

Answer 14

• Studied interactions and functions of each hemisphere of the brain
• studied split brain patients
• showed different functions of each hemisphere of the brain

Question 15

Roger Sperry

Answer 15

• studied split brain patients and the effects of severing the corpus callosum
• used it as a technique for treating epileptic seizures

Question 16

Carl Wernicke

Answer 16

• conducted research on linguistic functions of the brain in response to Broca’s discoveries
• discovered an area of the brain responsible for the comprehension of language, now know as Wernicke’s area

Question 17

Ernest Weber

Answer 17

Experiments with the difference threshold:

- stimuli must differ by constant proportion for difference to be perceptible; known as Weber’s Law

Question 18

Gustav Fechner

Answer 18

Experimented on the difference threshold

Question 19

David Hubel & Torsten Weisel

Answer 19

Experiments with visual information processing:

• brain has feature detector neurons that respond to lines in certain angles and moving in specific directions
• showed that brain builds complex image out of simple stimuli

Question 20

Mary Ainsworth

Answer 20

“Strange situation” experiment
- found that some children are securely attached to their mothers, some are insecurely attached (avoidant, ambivalent, or disorganized)

Question 21

Albert Bandura

Answer 21

Bobo doll doll experiment: researched effects of observational learning, on development

Question 22

Diana Baumrind

Answer 22

Theory of parenting styles: Authoritarian, Permissive and Authoritative

Question 23

Erik Erikson

Answer 23

Theory on social development 8(later9) stages of development

Question 24

Harry Harlow

Answer 24

Experiments on rhesus monkeys, with cloth mother vs wire feeding mother; also studied maternal separation and social isolation

Question 25

Lawrence Kohlberg

Answer 25

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development: pre-conv, conventional,post-conv

Question 26

Konrad Lorenz

Answer 26

• Studied instinctive behavior of animals

- discovered imprinting in birds; he had geese who though the was their mama