CHAPTER 2 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the benefit of networking ?
A
- Device can be shared ( Reduce cost )
- User can share file data
- Data can be backed up centrally
2
Q
Drawback of networking
A
- Cabling can be expensive initial outlay
- Managing a large network is difficult
- Break down of device such as file server , effect the whole network
- Malware and hacking can affect entire network
3
Q
What is computer network
A
- An interconnection
4
Q
Component of networking
A
- Device
- Medium
- Rules
- Message
5
Q
Type of network
A
- Private
- Public
6
Q
Private Network
A
- Own by a single company
- Required user id and password
7
Q
Public Network
A
- Own by a communication carrier company such as TM
- No specific password
8
Q
Network Architecture
A
- Refer to ways devices is connected
9
Q
What is node ?
A
- Any device connected to network
10
Q
Function of host
A
- Client , request
- Server , provide
- Peer , both
11
Q
Types of network
A
- LAN
- WLAN
- WAN
12
Q
What is LAN ?
A
- A group of computer
- Connected in such limited area
13
Q
LAN
A
- Private network
- Cover small geographic area
- Use cable or wireless
- Consist hub/switch
14
Q
WLAN
A
- Use radio signal ( WiFi )
- More convenient
- Difficult to make secure
15
Q
WAN
A
- Network that extend over large area
- Create by joining LANs
- Geographically spread over large area
- Use tech : Optic Fibre
16
Q
What is server ?
A
- Computer program running to serve client
- Provide data
17
Q
What is client ?
A
- Application that access server
- Send request
- Receive respond
18
Q
Client-Server Model
A
-A server host run server program that share resource
- Client dont share , but request
19
Q
Type of Server
A
- File server
- Application Server
- Print Server
- Proxy Server
- Web Server
20
Q
Peer to Peer Model
A
- Point to point
- Direct link
- Faster and more reliable
- Only small area
- No central server
21
Q
Thin Client
A
- Remote connection with server
- Server does most work
22
Q
How thin client works ?
A
- Cant stand alone , required server
- Need mouse , keyboard , etc
- Required setting on server
- Smart Classroom
- Not suitable for personal use
23
Q
Thick Client
A
- Not required server (Server work minimal )
- Done work mostly Independently
- Have OS and Software that can be used offline
- Also known as “Fat client”
24
Q
Advantages of Thick Client
A
- Can be used offline
- Increase flxibility
- Higher capacity
25
Q
Thin Vs Thick
A
- Rely on connection (Always/Some)
- Local recourses ( No/Yes )
- Network Speed ( Rely/Tolerant )
- Where data stored ( Server/local )
26
Q
Drawback of Thick client
A
- Less secure
- Each client need to update data manually
- Data integrity issue
27
Q
Drawback of Thin client-
A
- High rely on server
- Start up cost higher
28
Q
What is network topology ?
A
- Layout pattern of interconnection between computers in a network
29
Q
Requirements for a data communication
A
- Sender
- Receiver
- Transmission medium
- Message
- Protocol
30
Q
Type of Topology
A
- Bus
- Star
- Mesh
- Hybrid
31
Q
Bus Topology
A
- All devices connected with single central cable ( One Direction )
- Terminator at both end
- Easy to expand
- Peer to peer
32
Q
Advantages of Bus Topology
A
- If one node fail , other remain function
- Easier to increase size of network
33
Q
Drawback of Bus Topology
A
- If main cable fail , whole network down
- Performance low when heavy load
- Network isnt secure
34
Q
Star Topology
A
- All node connected to central hub
- Each nodes has its own dedicated connection to central hub
- Client-Server
35
Q
Advantages of Star Topology
A
- Data collision is reduce
- More secure
- Easy to improve ( Upgrade Switch )
- Packet only travel to correct address
- If one connection broken , Wont effect others
36
Q
Drawback of Star Topology
A
- Initial installation cost are high
- If central hub fails , whole network goes down
37
Q
Mesh Topology
A
- Every node point to point
- Multiple routes between devices
- Computer can act as relay
38
Q
Advantages of Mesh Topology
A
- Can handle high volume traffic
- High security as data travel along dedicated connection
39
Q
Drawback of Mesh Topology
A
- Requires a lot of cable ( expensive )
40
Q
Hybrid Topology
A
- Combination of two or more different topology
- Can be wired/Wireless
41
Q
Cloud Storage
A
- method of data storage where data is stored on off-site server
- Manage by hosting companies
42
Q
Public cloud
A
- Delivered via the internet and shared across multiple users.
43
Q
Private cloud
A
- Dedicated to your organization or company
44
Q
Hybrid Cloud
A
- Any environment that use both public and private cloud
45
Q
Advantages of Cloud computing
A
- Access any time
- No external devices
- Provide remote back-up
- ## Offer almost unlimited storage
46
Q
Drawback of Cloud computing
A
- Problem accessing if unstable internet
- Cost can be high if large storage is needed
47
Q
Factor to consider for cable
A
- Cost
- Bandwidth
- Performance
- Interference
48
Q
Copper Cable
A
- Use electric signal
49
Q
Type of copper cable
A
- Coaxial
- UTP
- STP
50
Q
Copper Cable Drawback
A
- degenerate over long distance
51
Q
Twisted Pair Cable
A
- Contain 8 wire that wound together ( reduce interference )
- UTP & STP
52
Q
UTP
A
- No copper shielding around
53
Q
STP
A
- Has copper shielding around
54
Q
Advantages of Twisted Pair Cable
A
- Cheaper than fiber optic
- Can still work if there’s power loss
55
Q
Fiber Optic
A
- Technology that use glass and light to transmit data
- Transfer data using light wave
56
Q
Advantages of Fiber optic
A
- Thinner
- Less interference
- Less chance of degeneration
57
Q
Drawback of Fiber optic
A
- Expensive
- More fragile
58
Q
Wireless communication
A
- Use radio wave
59
Q
Benefit of wireless communication
A
- Less interference
60
Q
Drawback of wireless communication
A
- Low frequency , Thus cant transfer much data
61
Q
Network Interface Card ( NIC )
A
- To connect to a network
- Most modem has it built into motherboard
- Can be wired or wireless
- Contain MAC Address
62
Q
Hub
A
- A device that connect computer together to make a LAN
- A ‘dumb’ device
63
Q
Switch
A
- Same like hub
- A ‘Intelligent’ device
- More secure
64
Q
Router
A
- A device that connect two or more networks
- Join together various different network and make up the internet
- Transmit internet and protocols
- Allow private network to be connected
- Use IP Address to receive or forward packet
65
Q
Router Function
A
- Restricted broadcast to LAN
- Act as default gateway
- Can move data between network
- Can calculate the best routes
66
Q
Repeater
A
- Electronic device that receive signal and retransmit it
- Extend transmission
- Cover longer distance
67
Q
Bridge
A
- Connect LAN and LAN
68
Q
WNIC
A
- Same as ordinary NIC
- Use antenna
- micro waves
69
Q
Ethenet
A
- Protocol used by many wired LANs
- For data transmission over wired connection
- Use CSMA/CD
- Data is transmitted in frames
- Each frame has IP Address
- And error checking data
70
Q
What is network using ethernet made up of ?
A
- Node
- Medium
- Frame
71
Q
Collision
A
- Ethernet support broadcast
- The risk of two data sent together in a same channel lead to collision
- CSMA/CD was developed
72
Q
How CSMA/CD Work ?
A
- When collision detected
- Node stop transmitting frame
- Sent jammed signal
- Warn all end-station
- Wait for some time interval
- resend frame
73
Q
What is internet
A
- Interconnected network
74
Q
World Wide Web ( WWW )
A
- Collection of multimedia web which stored in website
75
Q
Hardware and software to support Internet
A
- Device
- Telephone line
- Router & Modem
- Internet service provider ( ISP )
- A web browser
76
Q
Public switch telephone network
A
- Connect device and LAN between town and cities
- Uses satellite technology to connect between country
77
Q
Pros of Bit streaming
A
- No need to fully download before watching
- No need store large file
- No any special hardware needed
- afford piracy protection
78
Q
Cons of bit streaming
A
- Cant stream if connection lost
- use lot of bandwidth
- ## there will be long buffering if slow connection
79
Q
Example of bit streaming
A
- Video On demand ( Netflix )
- ## Live streaming or real time ( Football match )
80
Q
Video on demand
A
- High quality
- Play on computer or phone
- Smooth at any internet speed
- More economical
- Pre-recorded
- Can be rewatched and pause
81
Q
Live streaming/Real Time
A
- No delay
- Ability to ask and answer question
- May required special hardware
- Direct from source
- Cant be rewatched
82
Q
Buffering
A
- Temporary storage space where data can be held and process
83
Q
What is Bit Streaming ?
A
- Continuous ordered flow of bits over a communication path
84
Q
How buffer works ?
A
- Uses as a temporary storage
- Data is transferred to buffer
- Data is retrieved from buffer
85
Q
Benefit of private cloud
A
- Not rely on 3rd parties
- Better privacy
- More storage provided
86
Q
How data transmission in star topology
A
- Sender will transmit packet to the switch
- Switch will check the destination address
- Forward packet directly only to the address
87
Q
Drawback of CSMA/CD
A
- Constant jamming , nothing ever send
- High power consumption
- Limited distance
88
Q
Private IP Address
A
- only can be accessed within the LAN
89
Q
Static IP Address
A
- IP for the device does not change every time rejoin a network
- Used for internal LAN
90
Q
How data is transmitted between LAN
A
- The data is transmitted from sender to ( router )
- The data has address to be sent
- The router will determine the address
- The router only transmit to receiver
91
Q
Why we do subnetting ?
A
- Improve security
- Easier network management
- Improve network speed/performance
92
Q
Public IP Address
A
- Assign to a device to allow direct connection to a network
93
Q
Dynamic IP Address
A
- IP Address always change every time rejoining a network
94
Q
IPv4
A
- 4 Groups
- Represented in 8 bits
- Separated by full stop
95
Q
IPv6
A
- 6 Group
- Represented in 16 bits
- Separated by colon
- Multiple group that contain 0 values double colon
96
Q
Benefits of using LAN
A
- Allow sharing files
- Allow central management
- Allow Security/Backup
97
Q
Identify 2 parts of subnet
A
- Network ID
- Host ID
98
Q
A
