Chapter 2 Flashcards
The amount of people in an area
Population Density
The spread of the people in an area
Population distribution
Land that is suitable for growing crops
Arable land
The amount of people that can be supported by the environment without damaging the environment
Carrying Capacity
The spread of urban development from an urban area into undeveloped land near a city
Urban Sprawl
Total number of live births in a year per 1,000 people alive
Crude Birth Rate
Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive
Crude Death Rate
Average number of children a woman will have
Total Fertility Rate
Total number of deaths under one year of age in a year for every 1,000 live births
Infant Mortality Rate
Percentage by which a population grows in a year
Natural Increase Rate
The amount of time it takes for a population to double in size
Doubling Time
Activities that take raw resources to produce or manufacture products of greater value. Example: construction worker
Secondary Sector
Activities that provide a service for other individuals. Example: Lawyer
Tertiary sector
A time period where small farms were consolidated into larger farms. (Land went from communally owned to privately owned.)
Enclosure Movement
Income that a person has after taxes and other mandatory charges
Disposable Income
A branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.
Epidemiology
A disease that spread through a region or community
Epidemic
A disease that spreads across multiple regions, countries, or possibly the world.
Pandemic
A disease that stays in a particular area a does not spread through the entire region or community.
Endemic
A disease that continues to get worse over time
Degenerative Diseases
Policies that are created to help decrease a societies birth rate
Anti-Natalist Policies
Policies that are created to help increase a societies birth rate
Pro-Natalist Policies
(Number of Children 0-14 or
0-18) / (Number of Working-Age Population 15-64 or 18-
64) * 100
Child Dependency Ratio
(Number of Elderly 65 and older) / (Number of Working-Age Population 15-64 or
18-64) * 100
Elderly Dependency Ratio
(Number of Children 0-14 or
0-18 + Number of Elderly 65 and older) / (Number of
Working-Age Population 15-64 or 18-64) * 100
Total Dependency Ratio
Positive situations, conditions, events, and factors that make people want to move to a geographic location
Pull Factors
Negative situations, conditions, events, and factors that make people want to leave a geographic location
Push Factors
When an individual leaves a country or political territory
Emigration
When an individual enters a counti political territory
Immigration
Negative situations or events that hinder migration and end up preventing migrants from reaching their final destination
Intervening Obstacles
Positive situations or events that hinder migration and end up preventing migrants from reaching their final destination
Intervening Opportunities
An individual who has been forced to flee from their home in order to avoid the effects of armed conflicts, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights, and/or natural/human made disasters, but has not crossed an internationally recognized state border
Internally Displaced Person
A migrant emigrates from their home country to another country but remains connected to their original country. (Often settles in an area with similar cultural and demographic characteristics)
Transnational Migration
A process in which a legal immigrant, who has become a naturalized citizen, sponsor a family member to immigrate to the country
Chain Migration
Migration that happens in stages (Migrants will make stops on the way to their final destination)
STEP Migration
A migrant who may temporarily migrate to a new country for work or for educational reasons
Guest Worker
Money an immigrant sends back to the family residing in their home country
Remittance
Movement of people from rural settlements to urban settlements
Rural to Urban Migration
Migration that involves a permanent move within the same region
Intraregional Migration
Migration that involves a permanent move from one region of a country to another region of the same country
Interregional Migration
Permanent move within a country
Internal Migration
