Chapter 1 Flashcards
Observing people, what they’re doing, they’re actions, and develop maps
Geographic Fieldwork
Highlights position of people and things affect what happens and why
Location
Interactions between people and the physical world
Human Environment
Similarities can be dependent on specific places
Region
All places have unique physical characteristics
Place
Refers to mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the surface of the planet
Movement
Visible imprint of human activity on the landscape
Culture Landscape
The art and science of making maps
Cartography
Tells stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon
Thematic Maps
Describes location of a place in relation to other human and physical features, change over time
Relative Location
Shows a persons activity space - Places we know
Mental Map
Gathers data at a distance from Earths surface, collected by satellites and aircraft
Remote Sensing
Compares a variety of spatial data by creating digitized representations of the environment, can help monitor natural disasters like tornadoes, hurricanes, also used to analyze data
Geographic Information Systems
An emerging research field concerned with studying geospatial concepts and techniques
G.I.S.ci
Distance on a map compared to distance on earth, and spatial extent of something
Scale
Marked by homogeneity in one or more circumstance. Has a shared trait, cultural or physical.
Formal Region
Defined by a particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it. Boundaries are in which the location ends.
Functional Region
Ever changing by society and events. Not static, and can be difficult to find or understand.
Perceptual Region
Something associated with the culture
Cultural Trait
Where cultural traits develop
Cultural Hearth
When ideas, people, or goods move across space, this process of dissemination is called blank.
Cultural Diffusion
Time/Distance in diffusion process
Time Distance Decay
Can stop spread of ideas or innovations
Culture Barriers
Rapid spread in a culture trait
Expansion Diffusion
A form of expansion diffusion in which nearly all adjacent individuals and places are affected.
Contagious Diffusion
A pattern in which the main channel of diffusion is some segment of those who are susceptible to what is being diffused
Hierarchical Diffusion
Vague, unattainable, different, impracticable, yet effective and impactful
Stimulus Diffusion
When migrants move from their land they take their traits with them (carry ideas to a new location)
Relocation Diffusion
Natural environment merely serves to limit the range of choices available to a culture
Possibility
An area of inquiry concerned with culture as a system of adaptation to and alteration of environment
Culture Ecology
Area of inquiry fundamentally concerned with the environmental consequences of dominate political economic arrangements
Political Ecology
Informational, shows boundaries and place names.
Reference Maps
Type of map. Examples include subway system maps, theme park maps, map of mall.
Topographical
Uses colors or shading to represent quantifiable data. (Usually shows density, but not distribution)
Choropleth Map
Places a dot representing a value in its approximate location. (very good to show distribution)
Dot Map
Feature symbols proportional in size to the actual value of the data. (Sometimes too cluttered)
Graduated Symbol Maps
Connect areas of equal value with lines (looks like a fingerprint often) Used for weather maps but can be difficult to interpret unless colors are used.
Isoline Map
Distorts the appearance of places on the map to represent their value. China and India on a map of world population would be larger than all other countries.
Cartogram Map
Takes the spherical shape of the Earth and displays it on a flat surface.
Map Projection
Preserved shapes of land features at the expense of distorting their true size.
Conformal Projection
Distorts the oceans to preserve size of landmasses.
Equal-Area Projection
Latitude and Longitude shown at right angles, preserves shape but distorts size massively at higher latitudes, commonly used for navigation.
Mercator Projection
Preserved size but distorts shape, image appears opposite of Mercator.
Gall Peters Projection
Preserved size and shape of continents but distorts polar areas, compromise projection often used in published atlases.
Robinson Projection
Interrupted projection removes much of the oceans to preserve size and shape of land masses, often used for thematic maps.
Goodes Projection
Characteristics that don’t change like latitude and longitude.
Absolute Location
Where a place is in relation to somewhere else.
Relative Location
How different places interact with each other. Could be information, people, or goods from one place to another.
Flows
The farther away one place is from another the less interaction those 2 places will have. Less severe today due to technology like airplanes and internet.
Distance Decay
The reduction of time it takes for something to get from one place to another.
Time Spaced Compression
How are objects arranged in space?
Pattern
