Chapter 2 Flashcards
Main Types of Culture
Material Culture and Non-material Culture
These are tangible creations of human society. Objects, artifacts or any concrete elements of culture perceived as important parts or products of any behavior system of human, past, present, and future.
Material Culture
These are intangible components of human society. These include habits, ideas, customs, and behavior that any society professes and strives to conform.
Non-material Culture
They also include laws, technique, lifestyles, and knowledge.
Non-material Culture
Refers to commonalities of cultural elements, patterns, traits, institutions that are common to all cultures in this planet.
CULTURAL UNIVERSALS
Give examples of cultural universals
Ex. Language, art, mythology, marriage, government
Encompasses cultural differences on how people live and respond to their physical and biological needs, and the way they adapt and interact to their environment
CULTURAL DIVERSITY
Ability to understand a culture on its own terms and not to make judgments using the standards of one’s own culture
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
__________ is the idea that cultures cannot be objectively evaluated as higher or lower, better or worse, right or wrong
Cultural relativism
father of cultural relativism
FRANZ BOAS
practice of viewing and judging someone else’s culture based on one’s own values and beliefs.
ETHNOCENTRISM
_________ means that one may see his/her culture as the correct way of living.
Ethnocentrism
Example of ethnocentrism
Racism and prejudice
Kinds of Culture and their Differences
- Cultural Universals vs Cultural Particulars
- National Cultures vs Subcultures
- Ideal Cultures vs Real Culture
- Elite Culture vs Popular Culture
_________are elements, patterns, traits, or institutions that are common to all human cultures worldwide.
Cultural universals
