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Psychological Statistics > CHAPTER 2 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 2 Flashcards

1
Q
  • Measures of Central Tendency
  • Shapes of Distribution
A

Descriptive statistics

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2
Q
  • Tell researchers where the center value (single value) lies in the distribution of data
  • Most typical or most representative value of a given set of data
A
  1. Measures of CENTRAL TENDENCY
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3
Q

This is the average

A

MEAN

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4
Q

This is The number or average of the numbers in the middle

A

MEDIAN

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5
Q

This is The most frequently occurring value

A

MODE

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6
Q

It is the average of a set of data. To calculate this, find the sum of the data and then divide by the number of data.

A

Mean

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7
Q

It is the middle number in a set of data when the data is arranged in numerical order.

A

Median

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8
Q

The ____ is the number that occurs the most.

A

Mode

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9
Q

it is an average in which each observation in the data set is assigned or multiplied by a weight before summing to a single average value.

A

WEIGHTED MEAN

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10
Q

The participants’ scores on the Statistics test were analyzed. On average, participants scored (M = 78.56, SD= 10.34) indicating a moderate level of performance. This suggests a reasonable distribution of scores, with most participants scoring close to the mean.

A

Reporting the Mean in Research Articles (APA FORMAT)

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11
Q

It is score with an extreme ( very high or very low ) in relation to the other scores in the distribution

A

Outliers

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12
Q

it is a SHAPES OF A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION where Frequency distribution with one value clearly having a larger frequency than any other.

A

Unimodal Distribution

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13
Q

it is a SHAPES OF A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION where Frequency distribution with two approximately equal frequencies, each clearly larger than the others

A

Bimodal Distribution

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14
Q

it is a SHAPES OF A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION where Frequency distribution with more than two high frequencies separated by a lower frequency.

A

Multimodal Distribution

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15
Q

it is a SHAPES OF A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION where
Frequency distribution in which all values have approximately the same frequency
* No mode

A

Rectangular Distribution

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16
Q

it is a SHAPES OF A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION where Distribution in which the pattern of frequencies on the left and right side are mirror images of each other
* Bell shaped
* Normal distribution

A

Symmetrical Distribution

17
Q

A Distribution in which the scores pile up on one side of the middle and are spread out on the other side. Distribution that is not symmetrical ( asymmetrical)

A

SKEWED DISTRIBUTION

18
Q

A type of skewed distribution where
The peak (highest frequency) in the distributionis on the left hand side with tail tapering off the right

A

Positively Skewed Distribution

19
Q

In skewed distribution it is a situation in which many scores or values pile up at the low end of a distribution( creating a skewness to the right) For example a test is difficult, students may get low scores, near zero, creating floor effect
Mean >Mdn>Mode

A

Floor effect

20
Q

A type of skewed distribution where The peak (highest frequency ) in the distribution is on the right hand side with the tail tapering off the left
Ceiling effect – situation in which many scores pile up at the high end of a distribution ( creating a skewness to the left ) because it is not possible to have a higher score.
Mean<Median<Mode

A

Negatively Skewed Distribution

21
Q

a type of curve Specific, mathematically defined, bell shaped frequency distribution that is symmetrical and unimodal
* Distribution observed in nature and in research commonly approximates it

A

NORMAL CURVE

22
Q

Extent to which a frequency distribution deviates from a normal curve in terms of whether its curve in the middle is more peaked or flat than the normal curve.

A

KURTOSIS

23
Q

TYPES OF KURTOSIS

A
  • Leptokurtic
  • Mesokurtic
  • Platykurtic
24
Q

scores are concentrated towards the mean ( Positive Kurtosis)

A

Leptokurtic-

25
Q

A type of kurtosis where it is a normal curve

A
  • Mesokurtic
26
Q

A type of kurtosis where the scores have an extremely large deviation from the mean (Negative Kurtosis)

A

Platykurtic

Psychological Statistics (3 decks)

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