Chapter 2

Question 1

Bicameral

Answer 1

or two-chamber, legislature called Parliament

Question 2

Magna Carta

Answer 2

1215, where English nobles forced King John to sign _ or the “Great Charter”, one of the earliest English efforts towards limited goverment

Question 3

Petition of Right

Answer 3

the document required monarchs to obtain Parliament’s approval before levying new taxes

Question 4

English Bill of Rights

Answer 4

for the monarchs to sign, no longer would monarchs be able to enact laws, raise taxes, or keep an army without Parliament’s consent

Question 5

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Answer 5

a set of laws that limited the power of goverment and gave all free men the right to choose people to serve as judges

Question 6

Proprietary Colony

Answer 6

was based on a grant of land be the English monarch to a proprietor, an individual or a group who financed the start of the colony

Question 7

Royal Colonies

Answer 7

were directly controlled by the king through an appointed governor

Question 8

Charter Colonies

Answer 8

operated under charters agreed to by the colony and the king

Question 9

New England Confederation

Answer 9

their common purpose was to defend against threats from Native Americans and from nearby Dutch colonies

Question 10

Iroquois Confederation

Answer 10

a powerful alliance of six Native American nations - the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora

Question 11

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 11

the plan called for a council of representatives appointed by the colonial assemblies and a president general appointed by the king

Question 12

Stamp Act

Answer 12

of 1765, Parliament’s first attempt to tax the colonists directly

Question 13

First Continental Congress

Answer 13

in Philadephia in fall of 1774, the delegates sent George III a document know as the Declaration and Resolves, demanding a repeal of the Intolerable Acts, an end to British military occupation and and the power of colonies to impose their own tax laws

Question 14

Second Continental Congress

Answer 14

met in Philadephia, organize the ragtag military around Boston into an official Continental Army, delegates made Washington commander

Question 15

Virginia Declaration of Rights

Answer 15

which was inspired by John Locke’s view of the Social Contract Theory, written mostly by George Mason and proclaimed “all men are by nature equally free and indepentant and have certain inherent rights”

Question 16

Articles of Confederation

Answer 16

the nation’s first constitution

Question 17

Ratified

Answer 17

formally approved, by all the states

Question 18

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 18

the ordinance established a plan for settling the Northwest Territory, which included areas that are now in Illinois, Indianam Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota and Wisconsin

Question 19

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 19

led by former Revolutionary War captain Daniel Shays, the farmers attacked courthouses to prevent judges from foreclosing farms

Question 20

Framers

Answer 20

together, the delegates to the Constitiutional Convention

Question 21

Virgina Plan

Answer 21

called for a central goverment divided into three branches - legislative, executive and judicial - each with the power to check the other branches

Question 22

New Jersey Plan

Answer 22

called for a strong central government made up of three branches, proposed a unicameral legislature giving each state on vote

Question 23

Great Compromise

Answer 23

combined elements from both the Virginia and the New Jersey Plan, made the House of Representatives and the Senate

Question 24

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 24

it provided that three-fifths of the enslaved people in a state would be counted when determining the state’s population

Question 25

Federalists

Answer 25

there were the supported of the Constitution, once called nationalist

Question 26

Antifederalists

Answer 26

those who opposed the Constitution

Question 27

Publius

Answer 27

Pen name for Hamilton, Madison, John Jay to write a total of 85 essays defending the Constitution

Question 28

Federalist Papers

Answer 28

today the essays are collectively called _ and considered a classic statement of American political theory

Question 29

Bill of Rights

Answer 29

states ratified 10 amendments to protect rights of freedom, speech, press, religion as well as due process protections, such as the right to fair trail and trail by jury