Chapter 1

Question 1

Government

Answer 1

is made up of the formal institutions and processes through which decisions are made for a group of people

Question 2

Power

Answer 2

refers to the goverment’s authority and ability to get things done

Question 3

Policy

Answer 3

is a decision made by goverment in pursuit of a particular goal

Question 4

State

Answer 4

is a political unit with the power to make and enforce laws over a group of people living within a clearly defined territory

Question 5

Sovereignty

Answer 5

the supreme power to act within its territory and to control its external affairs

Question 6

Politics

Answer 6

is the process by which goverment makes and carries out decsions

Question 7

Legitimacy

Answer 7

rulers are seen as right and proper by important segments of a nation’s population

Question 8

Divine Right of Kings

Answer 8

this made the king answerable only to God, not to the people he ruled

Question 9

Social Contract Theory

Answer 9

holds that the first goverments formrd as a result of people agreeing among themselves to submit to the authority of a state

Question 10

Monarchy

Answer 10

the goverment is headed by one person, such as a king or a queen, who exercises supreme authority

Question 11

Dictatorship

Answer 11

is a system of rule in which one person, a dictator, or a small group of people can hold unlimited power over the goverment

Question 12

Direct Democracy

Answer 12

citizens met regularly in a popular assembly to discuss issues and vote for leaders

Question 13

Oligarchy

Answer 13

meaning rule by a fewm it an aristocracy

Question 14

Republic

Answer 14

is an indirect form of democracy that places political decisions on their behalf

Question 15

Unitary System

Answer 15

sovereignty, or ultimate authority, rests in a single, national goverment

Question 16

Federal System

Answer 16

of goverment divides power over people and territory between a national goverment and smaller, regional levels of goverment

Question 17

Confederal System

Answer 17

independent states join forces by forming a central goverment, called a confederation

Question 18

Presidential System

Answer 18

is distinguished by having a president that is elected by the peoeple for a limited term of office

Question 19

Parliamentary System

Answer 19

the executive and legislative branches of goverment are combined

Question 20

Ideal

Answer 20

is a conception of something in its most perfect form

Question 21

Liberty

Answer 21

of the ability of people to act and think as they choose, so long as their choices do no harm to the liberty or well-being of others

Question 22

Equality

Answer 22

is the principle that all people possess a fundamental, moral worth that entitles them to fair treatment under the law and equal opportunity is all aspects of life - political, social and economic

Question 23

Self- goverment

Answer 23

or the belief that ordinary people could aspire to rule themselves and do so as political equals

Question 24

Majority Rule

Answer 24

ideally, a candidate wins an election by a majority, by getting more that half of the votes cast

Question 25

Minority Rights

Answer 25

are the political rights held by groups who make up less than half of the population

Question 26

Liberal Democracy

Answer 26

such as the United States, the individual rights and liberties of all people, including those in the minority, are protected

Question 27

Free Enterprise

Answer 27

allows for people and businesses to make their own economic choices about how best to produce, distribute, and exchange goods and services with limited interference from goverment