Chapter 2 Flashcards
Types of Research
Basic, Quantitative, Qualitative, Transitional, Applied
Basic Research
systematic study directed toward the increase of
knowledge, the primary aim being a greater knowledge or
understanding of the subject under study
Applied Research
systematic research directed toward finding solutions
to an immediate practical problem
Transitional Research
aims to translate findings from basic research
into meaningful health care practices (“benchtop-to-bedside”
research)
Quantitative Research
research that uses a scientific approach designed
for the collection and analysis of numerical data typically
obtained from subjects through direct testing or questionnaires
Qualitative Research
research that uses extensive observations and
interviews to provide nonnumeric data obtained in natural
environments
Primary Forms of experimental research
Longitudinal, Cross-sectional, sequential
Independent Variable
the treatment or experimental variable that is manipulated by the
researcher to create an effect on the dependent variable
Dependent Variable
A response, behavior, or outcome that a researcher wishes to
predict or explain
Validity
Validity refers to the test’s ability to measure what it is supposed to measure.
Reliability
the reproducibility of values of a test, assay or other measurement in repeated trials on the same individuals.
Evidence-based Practice
Systematic process whereby the best available
evidence is used to inform a question, address a
problem, or create a program
Longitudinal Research
a type of research that involves the study of change over time
Cross-Sectional Research
a type of research that requires the
collection of data on individuals of different characteristics
who represent different attributes being investigated (e.g.,
age, gender, race, fitness levels)
Sequential Research
a type of research that combines both crosssectional and longitudinal research (involves studying
several different samples over several years)
