Chapter 2

Question 1

nominal

Answer 1

-simply categorizes or classifies information
-football jerseys have no meaning to the number just a number
-numbers usually used to distinguish the objects

Question 2

4 types of measurement scale

Answer 2

nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio

Question 3

ordinal

Answer 3

-numbers used only to place objects, people, events in order
-ex: class rank
-cannot assume that differences between values are equal (ex: runners get same size medal no matter how they place or how close they are to beating each other)

Question 4

interval

Answer 4

-scale on which equal intervals represent equal differences (differences are meaningful)
-each unit is equal to each other unit

Question 5

ratio

Answer 5

-there is an ‘absolute zero’ point below which cannot go, no negative numbers
-ex 120 vs 240 lbs

Question 6

variable

Answer 6

some characteristic that has values for different persons or animals
ex: age, height, weight

Question 7

discrete values

Answer 7

variable that take on a small set of possible values
only specific values
“counted”
ex : gender, students in attendance

Question 8

continuous values

Answer 8

variables that can take of any value between the lowest and highest points on the scale
take on any value in an interval
“measured”
ex: average and means

Question 9

independent variable

Answer 9

the variable which is controlled or manipulated by the researcher
-ex gender, age

Question 10

dependent variable

Answer 10

the variables being measured
not controlled because its the results
the responses, the data measured in the experiment