Chapter 2 Flashcards
element
substance of atoms that can’t be broken down into smaller components
molecule
particle with more than one atom
compound
molecule with more than one element
isotope
atoms of same element with different number of neutros
covalent bond
sharing electrons
ionic bond
2 ions with opposite charges
hydrogen
hydrogen atoms covalently bonded that are attracted to another atom on another molecule
polar molecule
when one side is more +/-
organic compound
(carbon-carbon) (carbon-hydrogen)
inorganic compound
no carbon or carbon with other elements besides hydrogen
DNA
code for genes
RNA
translates code
lipid
smaller organic molecule - doesn’t mix with water (fat/oil)
eukaryotic
animals/plants/fungi/protists
prokaryotic
bacteria
energy
ability to do work
power
rate of which work is done
chemical energy
PE stored in chemical bonds
steady system
inputs=outputs
open system
system which exchanges of matter/energy occur across system boundaries
closed system
system which exchanges of matter/energy doesn’t occur across system boundaries
1st law
energy is not created/destroyed - but can change from one form to another
