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computer science 109 > chapter 2 > Flashcards

chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

variable

A

holds an item, item can be changed but must be defined before running calculations

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2
Q

interpreter

A

negotiates with computing system to allocate memory location for new variable

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3
Q

assignment operator

A

= sign

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4
Q

base workspace

A

stores variables created at command line

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5
Q

identifier

A

variable’s name
- start w/ letter
- case sensitive
- no spaces

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6
Q

keywords that CANT BE USED AS IDENTIFIER

A

break
case
catch
otherwise
parlor
classdef
continue
else
return
spmd
etc

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7
Q

camel case

A

capitalizing first letter of each word

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8
Q

data type

A

specific class each MatLab variable has that indicates type of data

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9
Q

numeric variable

A

stores number

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10
Q

integer number

A

positive or negative number that isn’t a decimal
- useful when counting finite items
- used when creating/assessing array

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11
Q

array

A

collection of variables
- stored with 1, 2, 4, 8 bytes

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12
Q

signed value

A

positive and negative integers

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13
Q

unsigned value

A

only positive integers

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14
Q

real number

A

positive or negative number that may have decimal (Matlab default)

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15
Q

range

A

indication of numbers that can be represented smallest to largest

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16
Q

unsigned 8bit range

A

0 to 255

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17
Q

signed 8bit range

A

-127 to 128

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18
Q

int

A

signed integer

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19
Q

uint

A

unsigned integer

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20
Q

int8

A

signed integer in 8 bits

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21
Q

floating point numbers

A

another name for real numbers (have decimal)

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22
Q

normalized scientific notation

A

scientific notation with one number before the decimal point

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23
Q

double percision

A

68 bit representation of floating point (STANDARD)

24
Q

single percision

A

38 bit representation of floating point

25
Q

RealMax

A

constant that gives largest number in MatLab

26
Q

RealMin

A

constant that gives smallest number in MatLab

27
Q

literal constant

A

that appears in statement

28
Q

INF

A

infinity, too big for matlab

29
Q

-INF

A

negative infinity, too small for Matlab

30
Q

MatLab Default

A

double precision and real numbers

31
Q

complex numbers

A

have real and imaginary part (I and j)
I^2 = -1
j^2 = -1
j is preferred

32
Q

expression

A

combination of variables, constants, and operators

33
Q

precedence rule

A

operations are done in order they were written

34
Q

continuation

A

” … “ is used when expression is too long and is continues on next line

35
Q

scalar

A

single number

36
Q

scalar variable

A

variable that holds one number

37
Q

mathematical constants

A

variable with predefined constant (ex: pi)

38
Q

NaN

A

not a number (ex: 0/0)

39
Q

overflow

A

result exceeds max value that can be stored within a variable

40
Q

up arrow key

A

retrieve previous commands (executes code multiple times, repeat)

41
Q

string scalars

A

stores text in variable with “ “

42
Q

ASCII Standard

A

used to encode letters to bits (characters have # equivalent)

43
Q

character

A

’ ‘

44
Q

string

A

” “

45
Q

accuracy

A

how close floating point rep is to desired value

determined by # of bits used, larger is more accurate

46
Q

rounding error

A

difference between calculated estimate of number and actual value
estimate - actual

47
Q

truncation error

A

when least significant digits to right of decimal are discarded

48
Q

absolute error

A

measure of accuracy, difference between calculated value and actual value
calc value - actual value

can be found with eps(number)

49
Q

relative error

A

measure of accuracy
calc value - actual value / actual value

50
Q

experimental error

A

measure of accuracy
using double precision floating point rep. relative accuracy won’t exceed eps(1)

51
Q

rounding error VS experimental error

A

rounding error = finite precision on calculations
experimental error = limited accuracy of measurement

52
Q

MatLab binary format

A

place to save and load variables

53
Q

save variables into current workspace

A

save(“fileName”)

54
Q

save all variables into file w/ name

A

save(“fileName.mat”)

55
Q

save select variables

A

save(“fileName”, “var1”, “var2”)

56
Q

load variable from Matlab file

A

load(“fileName”)

57
Q

wizards

A

sequence of interactive steps that eases use of specific software features
used to import data from variety of file types

computer science 109 (12 decks)

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