Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

computer science 109 > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

abstraction

A

process that drives evolution of computer language and enables more USERS to use COMPUTERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MatLab

A

developed by MOLER and LITTLE, stands for Matrix Lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

purpose of MatLab

A

graphing math computations for scientists and engineers, provides visualization tools to analyze results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

compiled languages

A

converts high level instructions to low

require code to be fully compiled before program can be executed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

machine instruction

A

specific to processed of program, sequence of 1s and 0s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

interpreted languages

A

program called interpreter will read high level statement, execute operation, and then read the next statement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pros and cons of interpreted languages

A

pros- can be executed across many different computing systems as long as interpreter is available
cons- interpreter needs more steps to execute program which can slow execution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MatLab interpreter

A

carries out computations based on statement, allocates memory for data and adds results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

command window

A

presents user with interactive environment, programmer types statement to be executed by interpreter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

workspace

A

displays data being used by interpreter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

variable

A

allocated memory for data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

semicolon

A

interpreter won’t print output of statement, helps create variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

white space

A

horizontal spaces that don’t matter… things mean the same either way but it makes it better stylistically and easier to read

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

clc

A

clear command window (doesn’t affect workspace, variables are unchanged)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

clear

A

clears all variables from workspace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

diary

A

records everything that appears in command window into file, name of file is chosen by programmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

exit

A

exits Matlab session

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

who

A

prints out all variables in current workspace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

whos

A

prints out all variables in workspace and extra Information about their size, bytes, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ctrl-c

A

interrupts endless Matlab calculation that programmer may have accidentally enterred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

format commands

A

can alter how output appears in command window

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

format long

A

display shows 15 digits after decimal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

format short

A

display shows 4 digits after decimal

24
Q

fixed point repetition

A

each number displayed with fixed number of digits after decimal point (standard is 4 pts)

25
Q

format compact

A

single space text

26
Q

format loose

A

double space text

27
Q

switch

A

controls whether or not electricity flows

28
Q

electronically controlled switch

A

positive voltage at control input allows electricity to flow while zero voltage prevents flow

29
Q

1

A

positive voltage

30
Q

0

A

zero voltage

31
Q

bits

A

binary digits (1s and 0s)

32
Q

circuits

A

connection of switches, can perform calculations, led to first computers and became increasingly complex

33
Q

processers

A

circuits created to support different calculations and process/execute list of calculations

34
Q

instructions

A

list of desired calculations, specified by configuring external circuits (stored in memory and operate on data in memory)

35
Q

memory

A

circuit that stores bits

36
Q

computer is basically…

A

processor executing instructions by interacting with memory

37
Q

program/app

A

sequence of instructions created by programmer

38
Q

JMP

A

jump, can be used to make loops

39
Q

assemblers

A

programs created to translate human readable instructions into executable programs

40
Q

executable program

A

sequence of machine instructions

41
Q

assembly program instruction

A

human readable expression (ex: mult 98, #8, 99)

42
Q

high level languages

A

supports programming using formulas or algorithms

43
Q

statements

A

higher levels of instruction, closely related to how humans think

44
Q

compilers

A

auto translate high level language programs into assembly language programs

45
Q

binary number

A

number in base two (0 and 1, uses reset carry system for counting… 0,1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110)

46
Q

unsigned binary number

A

can only represent non negative numbers

47
Q

signed binary number

A

uses leftmost bit to represent whether number is positive or negative

48
Q

overflow

A

when result of bit addition is too big to fit allowed number of bits

49
Q

peripherals

A

additional devices added onto a computer like mic, speakers, etc

50
Q

disk

A

“hard drives” store files and other data

non volatile (maintain info even when they are off)
disk spins under a head that pulses electricity to friend specific particles in a 0 or 1 position

51
Q

RAM

A

random access memory, temporarily holds data read from storage

random access - access any memory location quickly without having to spin disk
volatile
mem in bytes

52
Q

computer processer

A

runs computer programs, reading and executing instructions from memory AKA CPU
starts with memory location 0

53
Q

operating system

A

program that allows user to run other programs that interface with peripherals

54
Q

clock

A

part of processor at which instructions are executed, ticks at specific frequent

55
Q

Moore’s law

A

doubling of IC capacity roughly every 18 months

computer science 109 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions