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Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

First stage of the Holocaust

A

Isolation

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2
Q

How did they isolate the Jews

A

first through propaganda

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3
Q

what type of propaganda did they have
(What were they saying about Jews)

A

Jews r dangerous - need to be dealt w/

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4
Q

what starts in 1933

what kind of isolation

A

boycott of jewish stores for germans

economic isolation

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5
Q

what happened after the boycott of jewish stores

A

removed Jewish citizenship

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6
Q

who took over the jewish businesses

what was illegal

what did the jews have to do

A

1) Germans

2) FOR JEWS to own businesses

3) sell their business and for cheap

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7
Q

how did Jews feel at first

A

felt like things would pass

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8
Q

why didnt jews leave

A

its not simple especially when youre older and you have a family
but easier for younger ppl to go pick up their stuff and go somewhere else

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9
Q

what and when
are the Nuremberg laws

A

1935

racial laws based upon german beliefs that jews r inferior

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10
Q

what was the basis for the german hatred

what did they did attack

A

religion
jewish blood - cannot be changed

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11
Q

germans believed jews were

legal defintiom

A

a diff race

inferior to germans

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12
Q

what was the program hitler had at the end if the 1930s

A

to get rid of mentally challenged german people

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13
Q

how did the german people react to hitlers program at the end of the 1930s
what happened as result of this

A

protested and as a result it got stopped

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14
Q

if germans protested for the mentally challenged what could be a possibility as to why they didn’t protest fro jews

A

proganada or they just didnt like jews

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15
Q

what do they start doing in the years of 1933-1939

A

teaching students propaganda against the Jews

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16
Q

what happens in 1939

how are german students affected

A

the war begins
and the students who learnt this propaganda is being drafted to the army

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17
Q

kristallnacht
where did it happen
what was destroyed
what happened as a result of this

A

Germany-Austria

1,000 shuls

Jews were forced to clean up this mess

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18
Q

kristallnacht

this was a war against the jews and ….

proof of this
who was involved - what kind of ppl - what did they use

A

1) GD

2) defamed, destroyed Torah Scrolls
threw the torah scrolls around like a ball
men,women and children - reg ppl
used axes and heavy sledgehammers

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19
Q

anti-semitism =

was it always in europe

and what is a saying they say abt anti-semtism

A

1) irrational

2) yes

2) spread down like mothers milk

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20
Q

what was it like leaving germany
(experience from eric lucas)

who was he separated from? where was he heading?
this was before when? what didn’t he know? what was the name of the transportation he was going on?

A

1) parents

2) towards great britian

3) Great Britian only allowed 10,000 children into the country

4) when he would see his parents again

5) kinder transport

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21
Q

why would parents send their children to great britian?

A

They had to
they knew staying in Germany was getting bad

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22
Q

what did Eric Lucas father tell him?
and was he the only one to tell him this?

A

to not forget he is a jew
no many parents told their children this

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23
Q

what was happening to jewish children in Poland?

A

were hidden w/ non-jewish neighbors and got accustomed to them

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24
Q

Story of Rabbi Silver after the war
What did he do when he went to orphanages

A

went to catholic orphanages
tried to find Jewish children
walks to the dining room - yells out shema yisrael and kids began to finish it and sometimes he would be able to take them

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25
Story with Pope John Paul the 2nd About non Jewish family coming to him
this german couple had a Jewish baby and after the war it was a known thing jewish parents would come back and find their children this couple felt guilty they go to Pope John Paul the 2nd tell him everything and he asks what would the parents want and the response is that they would want their baby ti be jewish so pope john paul the 2nd said to return the baby to his parents
26
What is Jud Suss What is it about
A propaganda film made in Nazi Germany A half-assimilated Jew who goes from ghetto to court within a few years Through money and black magic they seize power
27
How do the Jews who remain in the ghetto appear on screen Who are the ghetto Jews less dangerous than
Physically repulsive Suss who has acquired a veneer of court polish
28
What is the Eternal Jew
The most famous Nazi propaganda film
29
Who made The Eternal Jew Who is he
Joseph Goebbels Minister of propaganda
30
How does The Eternal Jew depict Jews of Poland
Corrupt, filthy, lazy, ugly Alien people who took over the world through controlling banking and commerce And live like animlas
31
What else is the eternal Jew
A museum opened in Munich in 1937
32
How are Jews depicted in the museum
as vile Subhuman creatures Stereotyped by large hooked bowser Enormous lips And sloping forehead
33
How long was the museum open How many visitors
A year 5,000 per day
34
What is Der Stuer What did it contain How much did it sell per year
An antisemitic newspaper Characterizing Jews as long nosed vampires extracting blood from German youths for ritual slaughter Two million per year
35
Who created Der Sturmer What happened to him
Julius Streicher Found guilty at the famous Nuremberg trial after war and hanged for his crimes
36
What did Streicher once declare in Der Sturmer
That they need to destroy the Jews so humanity will be free of them
37
What were German children given What was included
“Race Education” classes Stereotypes and hatred of Jews
38
What is the Poisonous Mushroom What is the purpose What made the books so powerful
A collection of 17 short stories To brainwash young German children to despise and hate the Jews Not only depicted Jews as evil and dangerous people But German children are the heroes
39
where would german jews emigrate to
eretz yisrael england US Western Europe
40
1938: where did Hitler march to? and what did he do?
Austria annexed it to germany
41
who are stormtroopers where did they work how did they look
trained bulies who volunteered for the job concentration camps - were always cruel wore different uniforms than the other soldiers
42
who is Herta Mansbacher how did she die
she was an assistant principal of school who saw them burning a synagogue - she was put it out and stood in front of the shul willing to risk her life to protect the shul she got pushed aside and the shul got burned down she was sent to her death - 1942
43
when did world war two begin? and who attacked who?
September 1st 1939 Germany on Poland
44
what is the WHITE PAPER what did it state
a statement of official government foreign policy printed don white paper only 75,000 jews were allowed to enter Israel between 1939-1945
45
who was in control of Israel at the time
Britian
46
why did the British establish the WHITE PAPER
to appease the Arabs who threatened Britain they would stop supplying them with oil if they allowed Jews in and britian wanted to spread their own political influence and control in the arab world
47
who would try to come to Palestine?
boats fille diwth illegal immigrants
48
what happened to these boats who came to the land
they werre turned away and forced to go back to europe
49
what did many jews in eretz yisrael do? were they successful?
helped smuggle jews who swam to shore from boats docked far enough off shore to escape detection by the Britisth many were discovered intercepted and returned
50
after 1939 were many countries open? if so, which ones? did every jew go and how many jews went there
many closed their doors to Jews the only one open was Shanghai, CHina only those who could afford it went 25,000
51
in nazi occupied germany what were jews forbidden to do
any pleasures of life ex: no cars, bikes, no riding on trains/buses, no telephone, no going to movies
52
what were Jews required to wear at all times
a jewish star
53
what happene din the late 9140s?
Jews in eastern europe were concentarted in specific section of each city called "ghettos"
54
where were ghettos placed
in the poorest section of each city near the railway station
55
how were the living conidtions of the ghettos
very overcrowed (several families in one room) horrible snitary conditions no privacy food distribution was cut down to starvation ratiom
56
how much food did the germans allow jews to have
220 calories a day
57
how did the germans deal with the religious aspects of judaism
completely forbidden
58
did religious jews stop following torah
no they continued secretly they learned torah, davened, had jewish school, libraries, choirs, wedding ceremonies, counseling in jewish law
59
what is the name of one of the rabbis who survive the holocaust
Rabbi Ephraim Oshry
60
What did Rabbi Ephraim Ohsry leave us examples
difficult halachic questions that were aske din the ghettos is a jew allowed to endanger his own life by going to non-jewish authorities to beg the release of other jews what is the appropriate act of teshuvah for jews who were forced to publicly tear down a torah scroll for the burial of cats and dogs is there a way to fulfill the four cups of wine at seder without wine. can sweetened tea be used instead can a parent give his child to a non-jew in order to save his life
61
how long did the ghettos in poland last
two years more for some jews
62
what happened to jews of poland from 1940 - 1942
locked up in virtual prisons
63
what was it forbidden to do in the ghetto what happens if one does this
to leave death penelaty
64
was the rule of leaving the ghetto broken by jews were they caught? if so what heppend
yes due to the threat of sarvation mostly young boys risked their lives to smuggle food from non Jewish sections of town ye stheyw ere either beaten or killed
65
what did parent do to their kids heads what was there a shortage of? what did this lead to?
shaved their kids head to prevent lice shortage of meds and since they all lived so close it lead to spread of dangerous diseases such as measles, pneuminal, bronchical coughs
66
how were the non Jews affected by the war Food wise
no the non jews were getting less food than they were accustomed to
67
if a pole recognized a jew escaped from a ghetto what would they do
threatend to tell a german unless they handed an amount of money
68
were jews in ghettos able to receive news example of one of these news
no and this was part fo the german plan meant to keep them ignorant late 1941 a massive evacuation and destruction of jewish communities would take place
69
who else started coming to the gehttos how did they look
western european jews assimilated non-traditional came with better clothing and more expensive personal items
70
what did the westeren european jews start to do once they realized they would get little food
sell their watches and silver for extra food
71
how was the gehttos during the winter
very cold they took wood and created fires the germans took away their furs had to keep themselves warm with rags and torn blankets
72
what were jews who were strong enough to work ordered to do what was given out
sppear at various assembly points special card stating they were needed for german war effort - small amount were issued
73
once ghettos were being cleared out who was arrested first
thos without the special workcards
74
once jews were being removed from the gehttos where were they told they were going vs reality
to work in labor camps or resettling to the east concentration camps
75
what were the actions done by the germans to roundup jews
pick jews off streets drag them form their homes for either mass shooting or long walks to death camps mother would come home with no children at home (some were forced to pick a child) if mother asked for her children they would either laugh beat her or chase her
76
what did every jewish community had to do what were they told to do - who did they respond
pick a representative to lead teh community and speak on its behalf to germans pick jews who were well enough to work in the east many chose to rather die than send jews
77
to increase participation to head to the east what did geramsn do
distrubuted free bread to anyone hwo resetteled to the east

Holocaust (5 decks)

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