CHAPTER 2 Flashcards
Anatomy and mechanism of the brain
anatomy part of the brain
mechanism how the brain works
neuroscience
studies how the brain and other aspects of the nervous system are linked to cognitive processing and ultimately to behavior.
cognitive neuroscience
the organ in our bodies that mostly directly controls our thoughts, emotions and motivations.
brain
refers to specific areas of the brain that controls specific skills of behavior.
localization of function
react
reactive brain
command
directive brain
gross anatomy of the brain
hind brain
forebrain
midbrain
1st to develop, responsible for our behavior, survival, and most of animals have this.
farthest from the fore brain, near the back of the neck.
hind brain
controls heart activity, breathing, swallowing and digestion.
medulla oblangata
“bridges” latin
contains neural fibers that pass signals from one part of the brain to another
pons
little brain in latin
little cerebrum
controls bodily coordination, balance, and muscle tone.
procedural memory
cerebellum
responsible for eye movement and coordination.
mid brain
neurons essential to regulating consciousness, sleep, wakefulness, arousal, attention.
midrain to hindbrain
reticular activating system (RAS)
hindbrain, along with the thalamus, midrain and hypothalamus make up the ________
brainstem
farthest forward, toward what becomes the face.
located toward the top and front of the brain.
include cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system, thalamus, and hypothalamus
fore brain
neurons crucial to motor function
singular: ganglion
focuses on movements like parkinsons disease
basal ganglia
emotion, motivation, memory and learning
limbic system
three structure of limbic system
septum
amygdala
hippocampus
anger and fear
septum
emotional memory, anger, aggression, perception of emotional stimuli and social cognition.
amygdala
memory formation, declarative memory, autobiographical memory, and spatial memory.
hippocampus
produces loss of memory function
korsakoff’s syndrome
transmit incoming censory information to cerebral cortex
switchboard of the brain
thalamus
fight or flight response, feeding, appetite, sex, stress.
responsible for consciousness, pleasure, pain, stimulate pituary gland.
hypothalamus
reading, writing, creative thinking, artistic abilities, feelings, visualizations, imaginations, inclusion and rhythm.
right hemisphere
logic, mathematics, verbal, analytical thinking, ordering.
left hemisphere
from one side to another
contralateral
stay at the part of the brain
transmission on the same side
ipsilateral
outer cover of cerebral hemisphere
white and grey matter, myelin sheath
left and right hemisphere
bonded with corpus callosum
cerebral cortex
treated 40 patients suffering aphasia
noticed relationship between loss of speech as a result of brain damage.
damage to the left hemisphere of the brain
marc dax
french scientist
aphasic stroke
lesion in the left cerebral hemisphere of the brain is critical in speech
broca’s area
paul broca
wernicke’s area
german neurologist
language deficient patient, who could speak but whose speech made no sense
carl wernicke
father of neuropsychology
found that implantations of crudely build electrodes
karl spencer lashley
nobel prize winning psychologist
each hemisphere behaves in many aspects like a separate brain.
split brain surgery( corpus callosum in to half)
rogers sperry
short circuit of the brain
most common condition at the past
split brain surgery is one of the cure
epilepsy
they’re body act like it’s separate.
because of the split brain surgery it cause them to have two brain.
alien hands syndrome
