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SOC 1101 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 ways we have knowing of the world?

A

Personal experience

Tradition

Authority

Religion

Science

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2
Q

what does it mean when science is empirical

A

it is based gained by systematic observations

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3
Q

science must be shared and follow steps what would this be called

A

systematic and public

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4
Q

define hypothesis

A

tentative statements of the relationships between two or more concepts or variables

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5
Q

science must be

correlative
subjective
objective
conservative

A

objective

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6
Q

what is the difference between descriptive and explanatory studies?

A

descriptive is fact based and used to describe a group while explanatory is based on trying to explain why certain event occur or do not occur.

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7
Q

what is the difference between deductive and inductive approach

A

deductive begins with a theory and then uses research to test the theory while inductive collects data then generates theories based on the analyzed results

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8
Q

what are the steps for the quantitive research model

1.formulate hypothesis
2.review previous research
3. collect and analyze the data
4. select and define the research problem
5. develop the research design

A

4, 2,1,5,3

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9
Q

______ are the abstract element representing som aspect of the world in simplified form

independent variables
operational definitions
concepts
hypothesis

A

concepts

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10
Q

what does the textbook mean when it talks about reliability and validity when analyzing data?

A

the result must be consistent and the extent to which a research instrument accurately measure what it’s supposed to be measuring

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10
Q

what does the textbook mean when it talks about reliability and validity when analyzing data?

A

the result must be consistent and the extent to which a research instrument accurately measures what it’s supposed to be measuring

CONSITENT AND ACCURATE

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11
Q

why is it important for scientist to accuratley report and document their finding in terms of replication

A

so the experiment can be conducted accurately to the first experiment and perfectly mirror it

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12
Q

if a research question cannot easily be answered by numbers and statical methods which research model would be appropriate qualitative or quantitative

A

qualitative

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13
Q

In what order does the qualitative model work?

A

1.General plan (not extensive)
2. Look at literature and theory application
3.study yields details using few cases many variables

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14
Q

a specific strategies or technique for conducting research would be defined as

observational research
research methods
conductive research
deductive instruments

A

research methods

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15
Q

Name the types of researchs

A

Experiment
Surveys
secondary analysis of existing data
feminist research methods
critical research strategies

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16
Q

define experiments

A

designed situation where researcher study impact of certain variables on subjects’ attitudes or behaviors. There is an experimental group and control group

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17
Q

what is the order for experiments

A
  1. ALL subjects pretested in terms of dependent variable to make sure equal
  2. subject in experimental group presented stimulus (IV)
  3. experimental group post tested for dependent variable
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18
Q

strengths when it comes to experiments

A
  1. research has control and able to identify IV
  2. replication is possible to increase accuracy
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19
Q

weakness when it comes to experiments

A

Hawthorne effect

inaccuracy when applied to larger population

small number of variables can be manipulated

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20
Q

whats a survey and respondent

A

questions asked to public and people who answer questions

21
Q

S and W for Self administered questionaries

A

simple and inexpensive

respondent anonymous

problem:low response late, small scope

22
Q

S and W with computer assisted survey

A

cost efficent

anonymity less there and voice mail

23
Q

interview S and W

A

great for complicated issure

face to face

high cost and time consuming

24
Q

representative sample vs random sample

A

nonrandom sample chosen because they have essential characteristics of population while random is by chance randomly

25
Q

what was the response rate for the Canada survey of giving?

A

56 percent

26
Q

survey strengths

A

Describe large population

able to assess numerous variable

27
Q

survey weaknesses

A

too standard force in boxes

less honest

less willing on sensitive issue

low response rate

28
Q

defin field research

A

study of social life in natural settign whre people work play and live

29
Q

complete observation vs participant observation

A

observes a social process but doesn’t take part vs participates in life of people while collecting info

30
Q

what event allowed for kamal kapadia to do field research

A

2004 sri lanka tsunami

31
Q

define unstructured interview

A

extended open ended interaction between interviewer and interviewee

32
Q

________ was developed to describe an inductive method of theory construction where the researcher simultaneously collects and a analyzes data

A

ground theory

33
Q

Strengths Field research

A

inside perspective

understand behaviors and attitudes

detailed info for theories

richness in special wa

34
Q

field research weakness

A

large period of times, away from , and work

not generalized for larger population

descriptive no measurement available

35
Q

secondary analysis uses existing material and analyzes data collected by someone else why is this a good method

A

its unobtrusive

source: data banks, books, magazine, newspaper ect

36
Q

Secondary Strength

A

inexpensive

bias reduced

longitudinal data

37
Q

Secondary Weaknesses

A

may be incomplete or inaccurate

may not reflect variable of interest to research.

38
Q

Why is triangulation so important

A

each method has its own S and W so its best to combine method for best results

39
Q

why is feminist research methods so important

A

research common to be andocentric

sexist language and concepts

biased towards men

does not represent both genders ideollogy equally

40
Q

How are feminist research method different

A
  1. Woman centered
  2. Improve situations for women and give voices
  3. research is important to process rather than objective
41
Q

what is the critical research strategie all about

A

neutrality of the scientific approach for researchers in dominant power helps maintain injustices

42
Q

Researchers place themselves on
the side of the marginalized and critique
structures that marginalize them

radical
subversive
oppositional

A

oppositional

43
Q

researcher explores roots of dominance and interconnection for example capitalism

radical
subversive
oppositional

A

radical

44
Q

researchers question assumption to open door to alternative understanding of social world.

radical
subversive
oppositional

A

subversive

45
Q

what is institution ethnography

A

lived experience of marginalized people that is centered around research process.

46
Q

what are some ethical standards for sociologist

A

participation voluntary

no harm to participant

respect confidentiality and anonymity

47
Q

describe humprhey research

A

homosexual acts between stranger in tearoom

didnt get participant consent
didnt identify himself as a researcher
recorded license plates and address

48
Q

The magnotta case

A

Luka Magnotta accused of murder

U of O proff interview Magnotta for research on sex worked.

prosecutors wanted data from said interview

was denied because it wasn’t important to case and confidentiality

49
Q

The Ogden case

A

Russel Ogden research assisted suicide and euthanasia which was illegal in Canada at the time

subpoenaed to give evidence for an investigation

denied doing so because of privacy concerns and confidentiality so charges were dropped

SOC 1101 (3 decks)

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