Chapter 2 Flashcards
1789
The year 1789 marked the storming of the Bastille and the Declaration of the Rights of Men. It’s the year where French Revolution begin.
Louis XVI
Louis XVI was the king during the revolution ages. He was dethroned in 1792 and executed in 1793.
Marie Antoinette
She was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution
causes of the French Revolution
- Expenses of the king and queen was high.
- Taxation system was ineffective.
- Enlightenment
- Food shortages
- American war of independence.
the Estates General
- What was it? It was an assembly representing the three estates-the clergy, nobility, and the general.
- Why was it convened? Because of the financial crisis and the refusal of the privileged classes to approve new taxes. Louis XVI convoked the Estates General to address government reforms and the tax system. Louis XVI was trying to let the Estates General take the blame of the tax burden from people and make himself looks better.
- What was controversial about it?
The voting was by order, not by head, causing the Third Estate, which was about 97% of the population, had only one vote of the three.
cahiers de doléances
It’s a list of grievances from the three estates of France
the Tennis Court Oath
“Where we meet, there is the nation.” Was the Tennis Court Oath swore by the Third Estate. They vowed not to adjourn until France was given a new constitution.
July 14 1789
On July 14, a crowd of eighty thousand stormed the Bastille, hoping to seize ammunition stored there. This started a war with the royal troops, but the crowd prevailed, and they killed the governor of the prison. This day was the symbol of the Independence Day for the people in France. The French Revolution became violent since that day.
the Bastille
It was the old royal prison, where the war happened with the general people in France. The fall of the Bastille became an important symbol of the Revolution. The Bastille Day became the Franch National Day.
sans-culottes
It means “those without fancy pants.” It was a common phrase showed after the revolution.
the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
It is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. The declaration clearly reflects Enlightenment ideals and the ideas and language of Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke.
the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
The Assembly enacted the constitution. It required public election of clergy and bishops and forced the clergy to sign an oath of loyalty to the nation.
the Flight to Varennes
It is the event when Louis XVI fled Paris and attempted to reach the French border to rally those opposed to the Revolution.
the Jacobins
It was a political club formed after the fall of the monarchy in France.
Maximilien Robespierre
He was a member of the deputies after the fall of the monarchy.