Chapter 2 Flashcards
1789
The year 1789 marked the storming of the Bastille and the Declaration of the Rights of Men. It’s the year where French Revolution begin.
Louis XVI
Louis XVI was the king during the revolution ages. He was dethroned in 1792 and executed in 1793.
Marie Antoinette
She was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution
causes of the French Revolution
- Expenses of the king and queen was high.
- Taxation system was ineffective.
- Enlightenment
- Food shortages
- American war of independence.
the Estates General
- What was it? It was an assembly representing the three estates-the clergy, nobility, and the general.
- Why was it convened? Because of the financial crisis and the refusal of the privileged classes to approve new taxes. Louis XVI convoked the Estates General to address government reforms and the tax system. Louis XVI was trying to let the Estates General take the blame of the tax burden from people and make himself looks better.
- What was controversial about it?
The voting was by order, not by head, causing the Third Estate, which was about 97% of the population, had only one vote of the three.
cahiers de doléances
It’s a list of grievances from the three estates of France
the Tennis Court Oath
“Where we meet, there is the nation.” Was the Tennis Court Oath swore by the Third Estate. They vowed not to adjourn until France was given a new constitution.
July 14 1789
On July 14, a crowd of eighty thousand stormed the Bastille, hoping to seize ammunition stored there. This started a war with the royal troops, but the crowd prevailed, and they killed the governor of the prison. This day was the symbol of the Independence Day for the people in France. The French Revolution became violent since that day.
the Bastille
It was the old royal prison, where the war happened with the general people in France. The fall of the Bastille became an important symbol of the Revolution. The Bastille Day became the Franch National Day.
sans-culottes
It means “those without fancy pants.” It was a common phrase showed after the revolution.
the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
It is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. The declaration clearly reflects Enlightenment ideals and the ideas and language of Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke.
the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
The Assembly enacted the constitution. It required public election of clergy and bishops and forced the clergy to sign an oath of loyalty to the nation.
the Flight to Varennes
It is the event when Louis XVI fled Paris and attempted to reach the French border to rally those opposed to the Revolution.
the Jacobins
It was a political club formed after the fall of the monarchy in France.
Maximilien Robespierre
He was a member of the deputies after the fall of the monarchy.
the Committee of Public Safety
It was set up to defend the gains of the Revolution and eliminate its enemies.
guillotine
Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette was executed on the guillotine. It was introduced as a painless and efficient means of execution. It also became another symbol of the Revolution.
1the Terror
It was against those who opposed the Revolution like some internal enemies in France and foreign invasion from Britain, Holland, and Spain.
Napoleon Bonaparrte
He was a great soldier fighting with the foreign invasion during French Revolution. He was then elected first consul for life, and soon crowned as the emperor of the French.
Put the following in correct chronological order
___1_ Estates General
___2_ Communes
__3__ National Assembly
___4_ Legislative Assembly
__5__ National Convention
__6__ Directory
__7__ Consulate
__8__ Empire
Napoleon’s reforms/influence
Napoleon implemented financial, judicial, and administrative reforms. He made peach with the Catholic Church by signing a concordat with the pope and eliminating most of the harassment of the church and clergy that had been unleashed by the Revolution. He also introduced the Napoleonic Code, which remains the basis for the legal system of France and most of the rest of Europe. He went and spread the idea of revolution to the rest of the Europe.
concordat
It was the agreement Napoleon created and signed with the Catholic Church during Revolution to make harmony with the church.
1815
Napolean was defeated by the British and Prussian army at the famous battle of Waterloo, in Belgium in 1815.
Waterloo
The Battle of Waterloo, in Belgium was a famous battle in the French Revolution history.
St. Helena
It was a small island in the South Atlantic where Napolean was banished and eventually died in 1821
the Congress of Vienna
After the defeat of the Napolean army, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia confirmed the restoration of the old order with some modifications and put back in place the balance of power with the intent of preserving monarchical power and maintaining a lasting peace.
