Chapter 2

Question 1

What is a lever

Answer 1

A rigid bar that turns about an axis to create movement

Question 2

What do all levers contain

Answer 2

• fulcrum
• load
• effort

Question 3

What is a fulcrum

Answer 3

Fixed point at which a lever turns or is supported

Question 4

What is the load

Answer 4

The weight that the lever must move

Question 5

What is an effort

Answer 5

The force required to move the load

Question 6

Examples of a first class lever

Answer 6

Raising your head - header in football

Throw ball over head - line out in rugby

Question 7

Example of a second class lever

Answer 7

• rising onto your toes

- push up

Question 8

What is a high mechanical advantage

Answer 8

• when the effort arm is longer that the load arm

- move large loads with low effort

Question 9

What is the mechanical advantage equation

Answer 9

Mechanical advantage = effort arm/load arm

Question 10

What is the mechanical advantage

Answer 10

The efficiency of a lever

Question 11

What is the effort arm

Answer 11

Distance from the effort to the fulcrum

Question 12

What is the load arm

Answer 12

Distance from the load to the fulcrum

Question 13

Example of a third class lever

Answer 13

• bicep curl

- paddling a kayak

Question 14

What is flexion

Answer 14

When the angle of the bones at the joint decreases

Question 15

What is extension

Answer 15

When the angle of the bones at the joint increases

Question 16

What is abduction

Answer 16

The movement of the limb away from the midline of the body

Question 17

What is adduction

Answer 17

When the limb moves towards the midline of the body

Question 18

What os dorsiflexion

Answer 18

Takes place at the ankle joint when the foot flexes up

Question 19

What is plantar flexion

Answer 19

When the foot flexes downwards

Question 20

What is rotation

Answer 20

Circular movement where part of the body turns while the rest remains still

Question 21

What is a plane

Answer 21

A line drawn through the body dividing it into two parts

Question 22

What occurs at a plane

Answer 22

Movement

Question 23

What are the types of planes

Answer 23

• frontal plane
• transverse plane
• sagital plane

Question 24

What happens on an axis

Answer 24

Rotation

Question 25

What are the types of axis

Answer 25

• sagital axis
• longitudinal axis
• transverse axis

Question 26

What are the pairs of axis and planes

Answer 26

• frontal plane and sagital axis
• transverse plane and longitudinal axis
• sagital plane and transverse axis