chapter 1c

Question 1

What is aerobic exercise?

Answer 1

Exercise with oxygen, usually relatively gentle that can be maintained for a long period of time

Question 2

What is anaerobic exercise?

Answer 2

exercise without oxygen, involves high intensity actions that can only be continued for a short period of time

Question 3

Name some examples of anaerobic exercise

Answer 3

jumping, weightlifting, stress training, sprinting

Question 4

Name some examples of aerobic exercise

Answer 4

jogging, brisk walking, rowing, cycling, skiing and swimming, marathon

Question 5

Why can team games be aerobic and anaerobic?

Answer 5

There will be times when the exercise is gentle (aerobic) and times when the performer is sprinting and the exercise is strenuous (anaerobic)

Question 6

What is lactic acid?

Answer 6

Waste product from anaerobic exercise

Question 7

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 7

Temporary oxygen shortage in the body due to strenuous exercise

Question 8

What is EPOC?

Answer 8

EPOC (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption) is the rate of oxygen consumption after exercise has ended compared with the resting rate.

Question 9

What is the formula for aerobic exercise?

Answer 9

glucose + oxygen -> energy + carbon dioxide + water

Question 10

What is the formula for anaerobic exercise?

Answer 10

Glucose -> energy + lactic acid

Question 11

What can lactic acid cause?

Answer 11

Cramps, fatigue, muscle pain, causes exercise to slow down and eventually stop

Question 12

Is the marathon an anaerobic or aerobic event?

Answer 12

Aerobic, uses oxygen, long distance/duration, low intensity
Glucose + oxygen = energy + carbon dioxide + water

Question 13

Why do we get oxygen debt after strenuous exercise?

Answer 13

Use of anaerobic exercise- need to repay oxygen not used

Question 14

What is the function of EPOC?

Answer 14

remove lactic acid

Question 15

What are the immediate effects of exercise?

Answer 15

-hot/sweaty/red skin
-increase in depth and frequency of breathing
-increased heart rate + stroke volume

Question 16

What are short term effects of exercise?

Answer 16

Tiredness/fatigue due to muscle swelling.

Light headedness.

Nausea

DOMS

Question 17

What is DOMS and what causes it?

Answer 17

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: soreness you feel following exercise because of damage to muscle (micro tears)

Question 18

What are long term effects of exercise?

Answer 18

-body shape may change
-improvements in specific components of fitness
-build muscle strength
-improve muscular endurance
-improve speed
-improve suppleness
-build cardio-vascular endurance
-improve stamina
-increase in the size of the heart (hypertrophy)
-lower resting heart rate (bradycardia).

Question 19

What are long term effects of exercise?

Answer 19

-body shape may change
-improvements in specific components of fitness
-build muscle strength
-improve muscular endurance
-improve speed
-improve suppleness
-build cardio-vascular endurance
-improve stamina
-increase in the size of the heart (hypertrophy)
-lower resting heart rate (bradycardia).

Question 20

What is nausea?

Answer 20

Feeling of sickness during/after exercise

Question 21

What is a cramp and what causes it?

Answer 21

Involuntary contraction of a muscle, caused by fatigue or muscle strain. often linked to dehydration and loss of minerals due to excessive sweating

Question 22

What is fatigue? What causes it?

Answer 22

inability to maintain power output or force during repeated muscle contractions. Caused by build up of lactic acid and excess fluids

Question 23

What is a cool down? Why is it important?

Answer 23

Undertaken after exercise to speed up recovery (eg. Walking, jogging, stretches). It is important as it helps decrease body temp and removed waste products like lactic acid from the working muscles.

Question 24

What benefits does a cool down have?

Answer 24

Removal of waste products, including lactic acid
Circulation of blood and oxygen
Normal length of muscle
Risk of muscle soreness and stiffness
Heart rate
Breathing rate
Temperature

Question 25

What is rehydration?

Answer 25

Replacing lost water, minerals and carbohydrates after exercise

Question 26

What are ice baths?

Answer 26

Immersion in cold water to speed up recovery from exercise

Question 27

What is glucose?

Answer 27

a type of carbohydrate, body's major source of energy

Question 28

What is massage?

Answer 28

The rubbing and kneading of muscles and joints with the hands

Question 29

What is hypertrophy?

Answer 29

Increase in size of muscles/heart due to long-term exercise (mainly anaerobic)

Question 30

What is bradycardia?

Answer 30

Lowered resting heart rate due to long-term exercise

Question 31

What is cardiac output?

Answer 31

Volume of blood ejected by the heart in one minute

Question 32

Name 4 fitness components improved by long term exercise

Answer 32

Stamina, muscular insurance, speed, strength, suppleness/flexibility

Question 33

Why might your body change shape following repeated exercises?

Answer 33

Loss of weight, increased muscle size (hypertrophy)

Question 34

Explain the effects of long term effects on the heart

Answer 34

Hypertrophy, stronger contractions- increased stroke volume, reduced resting heart rate rate/bradycardia

Question 35

Difference between working out pain and pain from lactic acid

Answer 35

Lactic acid pain is from the acid crystallising Working out pain (leg day) is from muscle tears in order for them to grow and get bigger Both pains last long time (up to 72 hrs)

Question 36

What are short term effects of exercise?

Answer 36

Tiredness/fatigue due to muscle swelling. Light headedness. Nausea DOMS

Question 37

What is DOMS and what causes it?

Answer 37

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: soreness you feel following exercise because of damage to muscle (micro tears)

Question 38

What are long term effects of exercise?

Answer 38

-body shape may change -improvements in specific components of fitness -build muscle strength -improve muscular endurance -improve speed -improve suppleness -build cardio-vascular endurance -improve stamina -increase in the size of the heart (hypertrophy) -lower resting heart rate (bradycardia).

Question 39

What is nausea?

Answer 39

Feeling of sickness during/after exercise

Question 40

What is a cramp and what causes it?

Answer 40

Involuntary contraction of a muscle, caused by fatigue or muscle strain. often linked to dehydration and loss of minerals due to excessive sweating

Question 41

What is fatigue? What causes it?

Answer 41

inability to maintain power output or force during repeated muscle contractions. Caused by build up of lactic acid and excess fluids

Question 42

What is a cool down? Why is it important?

Answer 42

Undertaken after exercise to speed up recovery (eg. Walking, jogging, stretches). It is important as it helps decrease body temp and removed waste products like lactic acid from the working muscles.

Question 43

What benefits does a cool down have?